重离子碰撞中QCD物质整体极化的实验测量  

Measurements of global polarization of QCD matter in heavy-ion collisions

作　　者：孙旭 周晨升 陈金辉 陈震宇 马余刚 唐爱洪 徐庆华[3] Sun Xu;Zhou Chen-Sheng;Chen Jin-Hui;Chen Zhen-Yu;Ma Yu-Gang;Tang Ai-Hong;Xu Qing-Hua(Quark Matter Center,Institute of modern physics,Chinese Academy of Science,Lanzhou 730000,China;Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MOE),Institute of Modern Physics,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science&Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation(MOE),Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,China;Brookhaven National Laboratory,Upton 11973,USA)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院近代物理研究所,夸克物质中心,兰州730000 [2]复旦大学,现代物理研究所,核物理与离子束应用教育部重点实验室,上海200433 [3]山东大学,前沿交叉科学青岛研究院,粒子物理与粒子辐照教育部重点实验室,青岛266237 [4]美国布鲁克海文国家实验室,美国厄普顿11973

出　　处：《物理学报》2023年第7期98-108,共11页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2022YFA1604900);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(批准号:XDB34030000);国家自然科学基金(批准号:11890710,12025501,12147101)资助的课题。

摘　　要：高能重离子碰撞中Λ超子和φ, K*0矢量介子的整体极化的实验数据证实了夸克物质整体极化的新现象,引起了研究人员的广泛关注,成为高能核物理前沿新的热点研究方向.本文主要从实验测量上回顾整体极化研究,着重阐述相对论重离子对撞机(RHIC)上的螺旋径迹探测器(STAR)合作组在不同对撞能量点开展的Λ超子和φ, K*0介子的整体极化测量结果,并拓展到含有多个奇异夸克粒子Ξ,Ω的整体极化测量和Λ沿着束流方向的局域极化研究.本文也将简单点评大型强子对撞机(LHC)能区和HADES实验低能区的测量结果,并对这些实验结果给出的物理信息进行简单描述.The experimental data of the global polarization of Λ hyperon,φ and K^(*0) vector mesons in high-energy heavy ion collision confirm the new phenomenon of global polarization of hot-dense QCD matter,which has attracted extensive attention from researchers and has become a new hot research direction in the frontier of high-energy nuclear physics.This paper reviews the recent global polarization measurements.We focus on the global polarization measurements of Λ hyperon,φ and K^(*0) mesons,carried out by the solenoidal tracker detector(STAR)collaboration group at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider(RHIC)at its Phase I of Beam Energy Scan program,and extend to the global polarization measurements containing multiple strange quark particles,such as Ξ,Ω and the local polarization studies of L along the beam direction.In the paper,we also briefly comment on the measurements at higher energy from the large hadron collider(LHC)and at very low energy in HADES experiment.In the end of the paper,the physical information given by these experimental results is also briefly discussed.

关 键 词：重离子碰撞 整体极化 超子极化 矢量介子自旋排列 

分 类 号：O571.6[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理] O572.243[理学—物理]