反向喷流对运载火箭返回段气动特性影响研究  

Investigation of Reverse Jet Effects on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Returned Launch Vehicle

作　　者：程川 刘阳 王吉飞 崔村燕 朱雄峰 CHENG Chuan;LIU Yang;WANG Jifei;CUI Cunyan;ZHU Xiongfeng(Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunication Technology,Beijing 100094,China;Aerospace System Engineering Shanghai,Shanghai 201100,China)

机构地区：[1]北京跟踪与通信技术研究所,北京100094 [2]上海宇航系统工程研究所,上海201100

出　　处：《宇航学报》2023年第3期379-388,共10页Journal of Astronautics

摘　　要：为了准确获取发动机反向喷流干扰下运载火箭返回段全箭及栅格舵气动特性,设计缩比试验模型及地面喷流模拟系统,采用高速纹影、全箭及栅格舵部件测力等测试方法,开展反向喷流状态下风洞试验研究。结果表明:发动机工作时反向喷流与头部弓形激波相互干扰,改变全箭绕流流场分布特征,使得一子级返回段的轴向力系数减小,对一子级返回段的法向力系数和俯仰力矩系数影响规律与来流马赫数有关,影响量与喷流强度和攻角等相关;反向喷流干扰使得栅格舵的控制舵效整体呈降低趋势,在高马赫数来流下甚至会导致控制特性反向。通过反向喷流测力风洞试验,有效指导和开展返回段精细化气动设计,为我国重复使用运载火箭的工程实现提供技术参考。In order to accurately obtain the aerodynamic characteristics of the returned first stage and grid fin under the interference of engine reverse jet flow,a scaled testing model and ground jet simulation system are designed.The wind tunnel testings are conducted with the high-speed Schlieren visualization,the whole vehicle and the grid fin component.The results shown that the reverse jet and bow shocks interaction interfere with each other when the engine is working,which changes the distribution of flow field around the returned first stage and grid fin,and reduces the drag coefficient.The influence of the reverse jet to the normal force coefficient and pitching moment coefficient on the returned stage is related to the inlet flow*s Mach,and the specific extent is related to the jet intensity and the angle of attack.The reverse jet interference decreases the overall control efficiency of grid fin,and even leads to reverse control characteristics under high-Mach inlet flow.The wind tunnel testings are effectively conducted to provide technical references for the engineering implementation of reusable launch vehicle.

关 键 词：重复使用运载火箭 反向喷流 栅格舵 风洞试验 

分 类 号：V411.7[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]