自花授粉花柱提取物对澳洲坚果品种间杂交亲和性的影响  

Effects of self-pollination style extracts on the crossing-compatibility among Macadamia varieties

作　　者：孔广红[1] 余文才[1] 柳觐[1] KONG Guanghong;YUWencaia;LIU Jin(Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong 666100,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所,云南景洪666100

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第4期615-629,共15页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(31760215);云南省热带作物研究所青年成长基金项目(QNCZ2021-1)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确澳洲坚果品种间杂交的亲和性,为快速鉴定品种间杂交亲和程度和授粉品种配置提供理论依据和实践支撑。【方法】以澳洲坚果13个品种为母本试材,10个品种为父本试材,设置115个杂交组合,利用母本自交花柱提取液培养基培养父本花粉,测定杂交组合的花粉萌发率及花粉管生长情况,结合花粉萌发受影响程度指数(pollen germination,PG)与花粉管生长受影响程度指数(pollen tube growth,PTG),判定品种间杂交亲和性程度。【结果】明确了115个杂交组合的亲和性程度,筛选出54个强杂交亲和性组合,其中有9对杂交组合可互为亲本;另外筛选出28个中等杂交亲和性组合和33个弱杂交亲和性组合。品种HAES863、O.C、HAES820可以作为杂交育种父本材料,在果园构建中可以作为13个参试母本的授粉树;品种HAES863、D4、HAES951、HAES816、HAES842为极好的杂交育种母本材料。【结论】建立了澳洲坚果品种间杂交亲和性室内鉴定标准,将杂交亲和性划分为强(PG值≤0.5,PTG值≤0.2)、中(0.5<PG值≤0.7;0.2<PTG值≤0.4)和弱(0.7<PG值<1;0.4<PTG值<1)3种类型,用于澳洲坚果杂交亲和性的快速鉴定,为澳洲坚果种植园品种配置提供参考。【Objective】This study aimed to clarify the crossing-compatibility among Macadamia varieties and provide a theoretical and practical basis for arranging pollination varieties.【Methods】Thirteen and ten Macadamia varieties were respectively used as female and male parent materials for a total of 115 crossing combinations.The male pollenes were cultured the media containing self-pollination style extracts of the female parents,and the pollen germination rate(PGR)and pollen tube length(PTL)were determined for each combination.The strength of crossing-compatibility of the crossing combination was divided into three categories(strong,medium and low)by a combined evaluation with their pollen germination rate,pollen tube length,index of influence degree ofmacadamiapollen germination(PG)and index of influence degree of Macadamia pollen tube growth(PTG).【Results】(1)The crossingcompatibility was low between the variety HY and the 12 tested female parents,indicating that these combinations were not suitable for the field experiments.(2)The crossing-compatibility between the variety A16 and the respective variety of A4,O.C,D,HAES951 and HAES816 was strong,indicating that these combinations could be used for further field hybridization test.(3)Among the 11 crossing combinations with the variety A4,the crossing-compatibility of the 9 combinations was strong,and the cross ing-compatibility of the 2 combinations was medium, indicating that the variety A4 could be used as amale parent in cross breeding. (4) The variety HAES695, having a strong cross-compatibility with thefemale parent HY, and a moderate crossing- compatibility with the varieties of O.C and D4, could beused for cross breeding. It also might be incompatibile with the varieties HAES815 and HAES863. (5)The variety HAES816 had strong crossing-compatibility with the variety D4, O.C and HAES951, indicatingthat such a combination could also be used for cross breeding. (6) In general, the varietyHAES863, which had the highest pollen germination rate and the fast

关 键 词：澳洲坚果 花柱提取液 花粉萌发率 花粉管长度 花粉萌发受影响程度指数 花粉管生长受影响程度指数 

分 类 号：S664.9[农业科学—果树学]