离子型稀土不同浸出剂柱浸对比试验  

Comparative Test on Column Leaching of Ion-type Rare Earth Ore with Different Leaching Agents

作　　者：李超[1,2,3] 舒荣波 程蓉[1,2,3] 颜世强 宋军[1,2,3] LI Chao;SHU Rong-bo;CHENG Rong;YAN Shi-qiang;SONG Jun(Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,CAGS,Chengdu 610041,China;Mine Ecological Protection and Restoration Technology Center(Western),China Geological Survey,Chengdu 610041,China;Sichuan Rare Earth Technology Innovation Center,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所,成都610041 [2]中国地质调查局矿山生态保护修复技术中心(西部),成都610041 [3]四川省稀土技术创新中心,成都610041

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2023年第4期38-43,共6页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20221697);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2902201)。

摘　　要：针对离子型稀土原地浸出工艺现有氨氮污染问题,考察镁盐、铝盐等非铵浸出剂对稀土浸出过程的影响。以赣州稀土矿样为研究对象,选择硫酸镁与硫酸铵通过柱浸的方式进行对比试验,同时考察铝盐与铵盐、镁盐联合浸出效果的影响,测定浸出液成分,分析不同浸出剂浸出效果的差异。结果表明:相同质量分数的硫酸铵和硫酸镁浸出效率相当,硫酸铵可达91.37%,硫酸镁可达89.22%;添加铝盐后的稀土浸出率仅76%左右,铝盐的添加不能促进稀土浸出效率的提升;铵盐柱浸顶水洗涤后铵根离子可降低至76 mg/L,镁盐柱浸顶水洗涤后镁离子可降低至27 mg/L,镁离子比铵根离子更容易洗涤去除。硫酸镁作为浸出剂能够从根本上解决离子型稀土矿山氨氮污染问题。Address to ammonia nitrogen pollution of ion-type rare earth in-situ leaching process,the influence of non-ammonium leaching agents such as magnesium salt and aluminum salt on leaching process of rare earth was investigated.Taking Ganzhou rare earth ore as the research object,magnesium sulfate and ammonium sulfate were selected for comparative test through column leaching.Meanwhile,the influence of aluminum salt combined with ammonium salt and magnesium salt on leaching was investigated.The composition of leaching solution was detected,and the difference of leaching effect of different leaching agents was analyzed.The results show that the leaching efficiency of ammonium sulfate is similar to magnesium sulfate with the same mass fraction,ammonium sulfate and magnesium sulfate can reach 91.37%and 89.22%respectively.The leaching rate of rare earth after adding aluminum salt is only about 76%,so the addition of aluminum salt could not promote the improvement of rare earth leaching efficiency.The ammonium ion of ore sample can be reduced to 76 mg/L after column leaching and washing,and the magnesium ion can be reduced to 27 mg/L.The magnesium ion is easier to be washed and removed.Magnesium sulfate as leaching agent can fundamentally solve the problem of ammonia nitrogen pollution.

关 键 词：离子型稀土 柱浸 硫酸镁 硫酸铵 硫酸铝 

分 类 号：TF845[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]