基于响应面法的大型锥筒件内凸缘缩口成形工艺参数优化  

Optimization of Necking Forming Process Parameters for Inner Flange of Large Conical Cylinder Part Based on Response Surface Method

作　　者：李碧聪 李国俊[1] 张治民[1] 郭为民 LI Bi-cong;LI Guo-jun;ZHANG Zhi-min;GUO Wei-min(School of Materials Science and Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Jinxi Industry Group Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030027,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学材料科学与工程学院,太原030051 [2]晋西工业集团有限责任公司,太原030027

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2023年第4期197-204,共8页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：山西省自然科学基金资助项目(201801D121106)。

摘　　要：目的探究大型锥筒件内凸缘缩口成形的最佳工艺参数。方法首先,根据内凸缘缩口成形的工艺原理,使用三维软件构建内凸缘缩口成形的仿真模型,并用Deform进行仿真成形。在此基础上,以缩口件高度和成形载荷作为内凸缘成形质量的判断依据,基于响应面法得到关于缩口件高度和成形载荷的回归预测模型。分析不同的摩擦因数、挤压速度和凹模锥度对内凸缘成形质量的影响,优化得到最佳的成形工艺参数,最后进行物理试验验证。结果通过响应面法拟合得到了缩口件高度和成形载荷关于3因素的多元非线性模型,模型通过F检验得出的显著性概率P值均小于0.0001,失拟项值均大于0.05,且模型预测值与试验模拟值的关系接近直线,充分说明了该数学模型的合理性。当摩擦因数为0.3、挤压速度为3 mm/s、凹模锥度为9°时,毛坯的成形载荷最小,为90 kN,缩口件高度最低,为1350 mm,与模型预测相比,误差均小于10%。结论优化后的工艺参数使内凸缘成形质量高、表面光滑无缺陷、成形载荷小,为大型锥筒的内凸缘成形工艺提供了参考。The work aims to explore the best process parameters for the necking forming of the inner flange of the large conical cylinder part.Firstly,according to the process principle of the inner flange necking forming,the simulation model of the inner flange necking forming was built by 3D software,and the simulation forming was performed with Deform.On this basis,the height of the necked part and the forming load were used as the basis for judging the forming quality of the inner flange,and the regression prediction model about the height of the necked part and the forming load was obtained based on the response surface method.The effects of the different friction factors,extrusion speed and concave die taper on the forming quality of the inner flange were analyzed for optimization to get the best forming process parameters,and finally physical tests were conducted for verification.The response surface method was used to fit the multivariate nonlinear model of necked part height and forming load with respect to three factors.The probability of significance P-values obtained when the model passed through the F-test were all less than 0.0001 and the mismatched term values were all greater than 0.05.In addition,the relationship between the values predicted by the model and the values simulated by the experiment was close to a straight line,which fully illustrated the reasonableness of the mathematical model.When the friction factor,extrusion speed and die taper were 0.3,3 mm/s and 9°,respectively,the forming load of the workpiece reached a minimum of 90 kN and the height of the necked part was a minimum of 1350 mm.Compared with the predictions by the model,the errors were less than 10%.The optimized process parameters contribute to high quality inner flange forming,smooth surface without defects and low forming load,which provides a reference for the inner flange forming process of large conical cylinders.

关 键 词：内凸缘 缩口成形 响应面法 缩口件高度 成形载荷 工艺优化 

分 类 号：TG312[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]