试论数字赋能助力水域生态牧场建设  

Digital empowerment promotes the construction of aquatic ecological ranching

作　　者：杨红生[1,2,3,4,5,6,7] 江春嬉 张立斌 李富超[3,8] 许强 任焕萍 林承刚[1,2,3,4,5,6] YANG Hongsheng;JIANG Chunxi;ZHANG Libin;LI Fuchao;XU Qiang;REN Huanping;LIN Chenggang(CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266237,China;Center for Ocean Mega-Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology,Qingdao 266071,China;The Innovation of Seed Design,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430000,China;Oceanographic Data Center,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室,海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室,山东青岛266237 [3]中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心,山东青岛266071 [4]中国科学院海洋牧场工程实验室,山东青岛266071 [5]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [6]山东省实验海洋生物学重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [7]中国科学院种子创新研究院,武汉430000 [8]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋大数据中心,山东青岛266071 [9]海南大学,南海海洋资源利用国家重点实验室,海南海口570228

出　　处：《水产学报》2023年第4期89-97,共9页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFB3901304);科技创新战略研究专项(ZLY202264);山东省重点研发计划(2022RZB07051);中国科学院网信专项战略研究项目(CAS-WX2022ZX01-07)。

摘　　要：水域生态牧场从水域生态学和景观生态学角度出发,高度重视生态系统的整体性和连通性,是拓展渔业空间、推动业态融合发展的重要场景。为了实现我国渔业的健康高质量发展,生态经济和数字经济将共同驱动水域生态牧场的模式创新和产业发展。本文详述了水域生态牧场建设的必要性、发展理念和应对策略,阐述了数字赋能从关键技术、无人装备和智能管理三方面助力水域生态牧场的体系化、数字化建设,提出了四场联动、陆海贯通、牧养互动和业态融合的发展模式,以期为更好地利用数字技术,科学、规范建设水域生态牧场提供参考。After a century of development,marine ranching through the 1.0 stage driven by agro-pastoralism and engineering,the 2.0 stage driven by ecology and information technology,and is moving towards the 3.0 stage driven by digitalization and systematization.From the perspective of aquatic ecology and landscape ecology,aquatic ecological ranching attaches great importance to the connectivity and integrity of ecosystem,which is an essential scene for expanding fishery space and promoting integrated development.In order to achieve healthy and high-quality development of fisheries,ecological and digital economies should jointly promote the model innovation and industrial development of aquatic ecological ranching.This paper reviews the necessity,development concept and response strategy of the construction of aquatic ecological ranching,and demonstrates how digital empowerment promotes the systematic and digital construction of aquatic ecological ranching from three aspects:key technologies,unmanned equipment and intelligent management.In terms of key technologies,we will establish a precise technical system and take a transition to a standardized technical system in all aspects of monitoring and evaluation,site selection and layout,restoration and maintenance,and information management.In terms of unmanned equipment,we will establish a light and simplified equipment system and take a transition to an unmanned technology system,including environmental monitoring equipment,resource detection equipment,ranch construction equipment,information management equipment,industry integration equipment.In terms of intelligent management,we will establish a full-cycle process-oriented management system and take a transition to a full-chain intelligent management system.We also propose the development model of four linked fields,land and sea relay,grazing and breeding interaction,and industry integration,so as to provide a reference for better use of digital technology to build aquatic ecological ranching in a scientific and standardiz

关 键 词：水域生态牧场 数字赋能 理论体系 技术体系 装备体系 管理体系 发展模式 

分 类 号：S953[农业科学—水产养殖]