面向碳中和的污水低能耗脱氮及氮回收技术探讨  

Discussion on Low Energy Consumption Nitrogen Removal and Nitrogen Recovery Technology of Wastewater towards to Carbon Neutralization

作　　者：王伟[1] 王明刚 刘丽娜[1] 张鑫[1] 彭永臻[3] WANG Wei;WANG Minggang;LIU Lina;ZHANG Xin;PENG Yongzhen(College of Civil and Architectural Engineering,Heilongjiang Institute of Technology,Harbin 150050,China;Heilongjiang Origin Water Environmental Protective Technology Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150090,China;National Engineering Laboratory of Urban Wastewater Treatment and Resource Utilization Technology,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江工程学院土木与建筑工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150050 [2]黑龙江碧水源环保工程有限公司,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [3]北京工业大学城镇污水深度处理与资源化利用技术国家工程实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《水处理技术》2023年第4期1-6,共6页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：国家自科学基金项目(51778216);黑龙江省自然科学基金(QC2017060)。

摘　　要：为应对严重的水污染问题,污水排放标准越来越严格。污染物的深度去除,通常需要消耗大量的电能并经常性投加大量的化学药剂,这导致污水厂间接碳排放量巨大,环境效益降低,违背低碳可持续发展的原则。污水碳中和的达成可通过节能降耗、资源回收以及自身产能来实现。在能源紧缺,实现碳中和迫在眉睫的背景下,全面推进节能降耗技术的应用是最现实且有望短期实现的策略。脱氮是目前城市污水处理厂的关键任务,能耗占比大,本文即针对现有的污水脱氮途径和技术,从降低能源消耗以及实现资源回收两个方面出发,对能耗低、具有可持续性且具有应用前景的工艺进行总结。重点对厌氧氨氧化工艺(Anaerobic ammonium oxidation, Anammox),以及能实现能源回收的CANDO(Coupled aerobic-anoxic nitrous decomposition operation)工艺进行更为全面系统的综述,指出现有的技术问题和研究瓶颈,以期为污水脱氮技术的低碳发展及工程应用提供参考。In order to control the serious problem of water pollution,sewage discharge standards are becoming stricter and stricter.In order to remove contaminants thoroughly,wastewater treatment plants not only need to consume a large amount of electricity but also add a lots of chemicals.It leads to huge indirect carbon emissions from sewage plants and reduced environmental benefits which generated by the sewage treatment process,and against the low-carbon sustainable principle.The carbon neutrality of sewage can be achieved through energy saving,resource recovery,and energy production.Now energy shortages problem is serious and the carbon neutrality need to achieve immediately.The application of energy-saving technologies is the most realistic strategy and expected realizing in short-term.Nitrogen removal is currently the main task of urban sewage treatment plants and accounts for a large proportion energy consumption during this process.This article focuses on the existing sewage nitrogen removal technologies,starting from the two aspects:reducing energy consumption and realizing resource recovery,summarized the processes which have the following characteristics:low energy consumption,resource recovering,sustainable and can be applied in near future,et al.The anaerobic ammonia oxidation process(Anammox)and coupled aerobic-anoxic nitrous decomposition operation(CANDO)process are mainly reviewed and the existing technical problems and research bottlenecks are summarized.It is expected to provide a reference for the research and application of sustainable nitrogen removal technology.

关 键 词：污水 碳中和 可持续 脱氮 厌氧氨氧化 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]