有毒、生化难的阻燃剂四溴双酚A生产废水优化处理的研究  

Study on Optimal Treatment of Toxic and Non-biodegradable Wastewater in Production of Fire-retardant Tetrabromobisphenol A

作　　者：王昶 邵维敏 郝林林 邱炜[2] 周青云 WANG Chang;SHAO Weimin;HAO Linlin;QIU Wei;ZHOU Qingyun(Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences,Tianjin University of Science and Technology;Tianjin Changlu Saltworks Co.Ltd.,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学海洋与环境学院 [2]天津长芦汉沽盐场有限责任公司,天津300350

出　　处：《水处理技术》2023年第4期27-31,37,共6页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：宁夏自治区科技厅资助项目(2019BBE02024)。

摘　　要：针对阻燃剂四溴双酚A生产综合废水组成复杂、具有刺激性有毒气味、难以生化降解的特点,采用资源化为主体的优化处理模式,使用顶空气相色谱仪、气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS),调查废水中难以生化降解的组成,根据实际生产工艺,构建酸化分离、絮凝净化、活性炭吸附以及离子交换深度处理,实现对实际四溴双酚A生产综合废水的有效处理。实验结果表明,综合废水中含有的有机物主要有甲苯、氯苯、2,4-二溴苯酚、2,6-二溴苯酚和2,4,6-三溴苯酚,其中2,4,6-三溴苯酚具有强烈的刺激性气味和毒性;酸化分离过程的pH最佳操作条件为3.1,此时酸析出对以上五种物质的去除率分别为81.0%、70.7%、64.76%、54.26%和90.52%,固体物每升回收5.2 g,有效降低了后续处理的负荷;絮凝净化去除酸析出过程悬浮在污水中的微小颗粒物,其去除率分别为55.4%、14.9%、0%、0%以及14.1%,上清液的浊度达到1.8 NTU;活性炭吸附的去除率分别为3.1%、81.23%、99.75%、100%和92.41%,刺激性气味已基本消除;最后离子交换深度处理的去除率分别为3.1%、100%、100%、100%和100%,上清液无色无味、清澈透明,为阻燃剂生产废水的有效处理提供了一个重要途经。The industrial wastewater of fire retardant tetrabromobisphenol A(TBBPA)is generally characterized by complex components,toxicity and non-biodegradability.The wastewater treatment was mainly used by using resource recovery plan.The headspace gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)were used to investigate the non-biodegradable components of wastewater.According to the practical production process,acidification,flocculation,activated carbon adsorption and ion exchange advanced treatment were established to realize the effective treatment of the real wastewater of TBBPA.The experimental results showed that the organic compounds of wastewater mainly included toluene,chlorobenzene,2,4-dibromophenol,2,6-dibromophenol and 2,4,6-tribromophenol,among which 2,4,6-tribromophenol has strong irritating smell and toxicity.The optimal pH of acidification was 3.1,and the removal rates of the above five substances by acid precipitation were 81.0%,70.7%,64.76%,54.26%and 90.52%,respectively.5.2 g/L of solid was recovered by the acidification,which effectively reduced the load of subsequent treatment.The flocculation was used to remove the fine particles suspended in the wastewater,after that the removal rates of toluene,chlorobenzene,2,4-dibromophenol,2,6-dibromophenol and 2,4,6-tribromophenol were 55.4%,14.9%,0%,0%and 14.1%,respectively,and the turbidity of the supernatant reached 1.8 NTU.The removal rates of activated carbon adsorption were 3.1%,81.23%,99.75%,100%and 92.41%,respectively.The pungent odor disappeared after activated carbon adsorption.Finally,the removal rates of advanced ion exchange treatment were 3.1%,100%,100%,100%and 100%,respectively.After that the supernatant became colorless and transparent,which could satisfy the discharge standards of industrial wastewater.Our study provided an important pathway for the effective treatment of fire-retardant wastewater.

关 键 词：四溴双酚A 酸化分离 絮凝净化 活性炭吸附 离子交换 

分 类 号：TL284[核科学技术—核燃料循环与材料]