“离子对”模板构建高性能海水膜的研究  

Research of High Performance Seawater Membrane with"Ion Pair"Template

作　　者：孙佳楠[1,2] 陈可可[3] 薛立波[3] 徐子丹[3] 郑晓峰[1] SUN Jianan;CHEN Keke;XUE Libo;XU Zidan;ZHENG Xiaofeng(Zhejiang Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,310053;Zhejiang University of Technology,310014;Hangzhou Water Treatment Technology Development Center Co.,Ltd.,310012,Hangzhou,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江机电职业技术学院,310053 [2]浙江工业大学,310014 [3]杭州水处理技术研究开发中心有限公司,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《水处理技术》2023年第4期73-77,共5页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划项目资助(2021C01173)。

摘　　要：本研究将水相中的阴、阳离子表面活性剂作为离子对模板通过界面聚合制备高性能反渗透海水膜。实验证明,当SDS-DTAC离子对表面活性剂添加量为0.1%时,海水膜的脱盐率达99.71%,水通量达50 L/(m^(2)·h)。通过扫描电镜(SEM)分析发现添加离子对表面活性剂后,膜面出现叶片状,且随着表面活性剂疏水链的增长,叶片不断变大。罗丹明染色实验表明离子表面活性剂添加量超过0.2%以上,海水膜致密层会产生缺陷;膜的长时间运行实验证明以表面活性离子对制备的海水膜具有优异的稳定性,膜片运行一个月后,产水量仅下降10%;通过拉伸试验表明,离子对模板剂能够改变初生聚酰胺聚集结构,经过拉伸热处理后,聚酰胺层就能够达到较强的强度,强度是未热处理前1.5倍以上。以阴、阳离子表面活性剂作为离子对模板为今后高性能海水膜的制备提供了一个新方法。In this paper,anionic and cationic surfactants in the aqueous phase were used as ion pair templates to prepare high-performance reverse osmosis seawater membranes through interfacial polymerization.The experiment proved that the membrane prepared with surfactant ion pair as a template had the best performance.When the amount of SDS-DTAC ion pair surfactant was 0.1%,the rejection rate of the seawater membrane reached 99.71%,while the water flux reached 50 L/(m^(2)·h).The scanning electron microscope(SEM)analysis showed that the membrane surface appeared leaf shape after adding ion pair surfactant,and the leaf became larger with the increasing hydrophobic chain of surfactant.The rhodamine staining experiment showed that the dense layer of seawater membrane would have defects when the dosage of ionic surfactant exceeded 0.2%.The long-term operation experiment of the membrane proved that the seawater membrane prepared by surfactant ion pairs had excellent stability.After one month of operation,the water flux decreased only by 10%.The tensile test showed that the ion pair template can change the aggregation structure of the nascent polyamide.After the tensile heat treatment,the polyamide layer can reach a strong strength,which was more than 1.5 times that of before the heat treatment.Using anionic and cationic surfactants as ion pair templates provides a new method for the preparation of high-performance seawater membranes in the future.

关 键 词：离子对 模板 海水膜 表面活性剂 

分 类 号：TQ423.1[化学工程] P747.5[天文地球—海洋科学]