安顺市天然草地资源调查与分析  

Investigation and Analysis of Natural Grassland Resources in Anshun City

作　　者：雷会义 梁燕 李龙兴 何仕荣 余芳 LEI Huiyi;LIANG Yan;LI Longxing;HE Shirong;YU Fang(Anshun Grassland Station,Anshun,Guizhou 561000;Anshun Center for Prevention and Control of Animal Diseases,Anshun,Guizhou 561000;Guizhou Extension Station of Grassland Technology,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Guanling Center for Grassland and Animal Husbandry Development,Guanling,Guizhou 561300,China)

机构地区：[1]安顺市草地工作站,贵州安顺561000 [2]安顺市动物疫病预防控制中心,贵州安顺561000 [3]贵州省草地技术试验推广站,贵州贵阳550025 [4]关岭布依族苗族自治县草地畜牧业发展中心,贵州关岭561300

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2023年第4期124-132,共9页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目“贵州主要农作物秸秆与牧草资源综合利用及抗氧化腐败技术研究”[黔科合支撑(2019)2367]。

摘　　要：【目的】探明2017-2018年安顺市天然草地资源的分布、类型、等级与利用现状,为其天然草地资源保护合理利用提供依据。【方法】选取安顺市西秀区、平坝区、普定县、镇宁县、关岭县和紫云县具有代表性天然草地调查样地327个,调查分析2017-2018年安顺市天然草地资源的分布、类型、等级与利用现状。【结果】安顺市天然草地总体上呈零星分布,主要分布在北盘江流域和打帮河流域的石山区和少数民族聚居区的村寨周围和山坡脊岭上,天然草地类型有暖性灌草丛类、热性灌草丛类、低地草甸类和山地草甸类4个大类23个草地型,以热性灌草丛类草地面积最大,为6.26万hm^(2),占天然草地总面积的97.16%;暖性灌草丛类草地其次,为969 hm^(2),占1.50%;山地草甸类草地居第三,为778 hm^(2),占1.21%;低地草甸类草地最少,仅81.1 hm^(2),仅占0.13%。全市天然草地植被盖度为67.84%,各区(县)为63.12%~75.38%,依次为西秀区>平坝区>镇宁县>紫云县>普定县>关岭县;草层高度为40.53 cm,各区(县)为35.01~49.40 cm,依次为紫云县>平坝区>镇宁县>西秀区>普定县>关岭县;可食牧草干草产量为2553.24 kg/hm^(2),各区(县)为2118.13~2934.41 kg/hm^(2),依次为紫云县>关岭县>镇宁县>平坝区>西秀区>普定县。天然草地牧草质量大部分为Ⅲ等2~4级,占73.09%,天然草地资源综合评定为“中质中产”草地。【结论】安顺市天然草地总体呈零星分布,草地类型有暖性灌草丛类、热性灌草丛类、低地草甸类和山地草甸类4个大类,Ⅲ等草地占安顺市天然草地资源的主导地位,Ⅲ等2~4级草地占73.09%,综合评定为“中质中产”草地。【Objective】The distribution,type,grade and utilization status of natural grassland resources in Anshun City during 2017-2018 are explored to provide the scientific basis for conservation and rational utilization of natural grassland resources.【Method】The distribution,type,grade and utilization status of natural grassland resources in Anshun City during 2017-2018 are analysed by surveying 327 sampling plots selected from typical natural grasslands in Xixiu District,Pingba District,Puding County,Zhenning County,Guanling County and Ziyun County of Anshun City.【Result】The natural grasslands in Anshun City show the scattered distribution generally and mainly distributes in rocky mountain areas of North Pan River basin and Dabang River basin and around villages and on mountain slopes in minority concentrated areas.There are 23 grassland types belonging to four categories of warm shrub-grassland,hot shrub-grassland,lowland meadow and mountain meadow.The area of hot shrub-grassland is the largest(62600 hm^(2))and accounts for 97.16% of total natural grassland area.The area of warm shrub-grassland,mountain meadow and lowland meadow is 969 hm^(2)(1.50%),778 hm^(2)(1.21%)and 81.1 hm^(2)(0.13%)respectively.The vegetation coverage of natural grassland is 67.84%in Anshun City.The vegetation coverage of different districts(counties)is 63.12%-75.38%.The vegetation coverage in six districts(counties)is Xixiu District>Pingba District>Zhenning County>Ziyun County>Puding County>Guanling County.The height of grass layer in Anshun City is 40.53 cm.The height of grass layer in different districts(counties)is 35.01-49.40 cm The height of grass layer in six districts(counties)is Ziyun County>Pingba District>Zhenning County>Xixiu District>Puding County>Guanling County.The edible hay yield is 2553.24 kg/hm^(2) in Anshun City.The edible hay yield of six districts(counties)is 2118.13-2934.41 kg/hm^(2).The edible hay yield of six districts(counties)is Ziyun County>Guanling County>Zhenning County>Pingba County>Xixiu District>Puding

关 键 词：天然草地 草地分布 草地类 草地型 草地评价 安顺 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]