围封对科尔沁沙地榆树疏林土壤胞外酶和线虫群落的影响  

Effects of Enclosure on Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities and Nematode Communities in Ulmus pumila Scatered Woodland of Horqin Sandy Land

作　　者：李晓兰 李瑞辉 李雪华[3] 郭颖 田怡丰 贾姝婧 LI Xiaolan;LI Ruihui;LI Xuehua;GUO Ying;TIAN Yifeng;JIA Shujing(Department of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Chifeng University,Inner Mongolia Chifeng 024000,China;The People’s Government of Xinlin County of Chifeng City,Inner Mongolia Chinfeng 025258,China;Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China)

机构地区：[1]赤峰学院化学与生命科学学院,内蒙古赤峰024000 [2]赤峰市林西县新林镇人民政府,内蒙古赤峰025258 [3]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2023年第1期166-174,共9页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860137);内蒙古自治区高等学校青年科技英才项目(NJYT22118);赤峰学院一流学科建设项目(CFXYYLXKB202102);蒙东地区生物资源开发利用创新团队项目(cfxykycxtd202008)。

摘　　要：为了探讨围封和放牧对沙地榆树疏林土壤环境的影响,以土壤胞外酶和线虫为指标,比较分析了对围封和放牧沙地榆树疏林生态系统内不同土层(0-20和20-50 cm)线虫营养类群、生活史类群、代谢足迹、胞外酶特征的影响。结果表明:围封样地内捕食/杂食线虫的相对丰富度和多度、cp2~4类群的相对丰富度和多度均显著高于放牧样地,且cp2~4类群的多度均表现为0-20 cm土层高于20-50 cm土层;围封和放牧处理、土层及交互作用对营养类群代谢足迹和生活史代谢足迹均有显著影响(P<0.05),在同一处理中0-20 cm土层的代谢足迹均高于20-50 cm土层;围封样地内β-葡萄糖苷酶(βG)、β-木糖苷酶(βX)、N-乙酰葡糖苷酶(NAG)、亮氨酸氨基肽酶(LAP)、酸性磷酸酶(AP)与放牧样地差别显著(P<0.05);NAG和AP与各类代谢足迹均存在显著的正相关性,βG与植物寄生线虫代谢足迹、捕食/杂食线虫代谢足迹、富集代谢足迹、功能代谢足迹也存在显著的正相关关系(P<0.05)。因此,短期围封明显影响了0-20 cm土层的土壤线虫代谢足迹和部分土壤胞外酶含量,且线虫代谢足迹与胞外酶关系密切,说明围封后线虫对C、N、P的利用率有显著变化,为探讨沙地榆树疏林土壤系统内C、N、P循环的研究提供依据。In order to explore the effects of enclosure and grazing on the Ulmus pumila scatered woodland soil system in sandy land,this paper analyzed the different responses of nematode trophic groups,life history groups,metabolic footprints,and the characteristics of extracellular enzymes in different layers(0-20 cm and 20-50 cm)of woodland soil taking soil extracellular enzymes and nematodes as indicators.The results showed that the relative abundance,the abundance of predatory/omnivorous nematodes and cp 2~4 groups in the enclosed sample plot were significantly higher than those in the grazing sample plot.Similarly,the abundance of cp 2~4 groups in 0-20 cm soil layer was higher than that in 20—50 cm soil layer.The result of two-way ANOVA suggested that the treatments,soil layer,and mass partitioning had significant effects on both the metabolic footprint of trophic groups and life history groups(P<0.05).However,in the same treatment,the metabolic footprint in 0-20 cm soil layer was higher than that of 20—50 cm soil layer.The activities ofβ-1,4-glucosidase(βG),β-1,4-xylosidase(βX),β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase(NAG),leucine amiopeptidase(LAP)and acid phosphatase(AP)also had significant difference between enclosure treatment and grazing treatment.NAG and AP activities were positively correlated with various metabolic footprints.βG activity had positive correlation with plant parasitic nematode metabolic footprint,predatory/omnivorous nematode metabolic footprint,enrichment metabolic footprint and functional metabolic footprint(P<0.05).Therefore,short-term enclosure significantly affected the metabolic footprint of soil nematodes and the content of some soil extracellular enzymes in 0—20 cm soil layer.As the metabolic footprint of nematodes was closely related to extracellular enzymes,which indicated that the utilization rate of C,N and P by nematodes changed significantly after enclosure.Above results could provide a basis for the study of the C,N and P cycle in Ulmus pumila scatered woodland soil system in sa

关 键 词：短期围封 线虫cp类群 营养类群 代谢足迹 胞外酶 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]