高放废物地质处置地下实验室开挖及精细探测关键技术  

Excavation and Fine Detection Technology of the Underground Research Laboratory for Geological Disposal of High-Level Radioactive Waste

作　　者：陈亮[1,2] 王驹 杨峰[3] 马洪素 李二兵[4] 王贵宾[5] 王春萍 赵星光 刘建锋[6] 王锡勇[1,2] 刘健 孙永强[7] 乔旭 成功[1,2] 李冬伟[1,2] CHEN Liang;WANG Ju;YANG Feng;MA Hongsu;LI Erbing;WANG Guibin;WANG Chunping;ZHAO Xingguang;LIU Jianfeng;WANG Xiyong;LIU Jian;SUN Yongqiang;QIAO Xu;CHENG Gong;LI Dongwei(Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology,Beijing 100029,China;CAEA Innovation Center for Geological Disposal of High-Level Radioactive Waste,Beijing 100029,China;China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210007,China;Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,China Academy of Science,Wuhan,Hubei 430071,China;Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610065,China;The Fourth Research and Design Engineering Corporation of CNNC,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050021,China)

机构地区：[1]核工业北京地质研究院,北京100029 [2]国家原子能机构高放废物地质处置创新中心,北京100029 [3]中国矿业大学(北京),北京100083 [4]中国人民解放军陆军工程大学,江苏南京210007 [5]中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所,湖北武汉430071 [6]四川大学,四川成都610065 [7]中核第四研究设计工程有限公司,河北石家庄050021

出　　处：《世界核地质科学》2023年第1期1-16,共16页World Nuclear Geoscience

基　　金：国家原子能机构核设施退役和放射性废物治理项目(编号:科工二司[2014]306号,[2020]194号);国际原子能机构技术合作项目资助项目(编号:CPR9045)联合资助。

摘　　要：针对高放废物处置地下实验室工程建造面临的主要技术难题和挑战,以甘肃北山预选区新场-旧井地段为研究目标场址,建成了北山坑探设施工程并以此为研发平台,通过试验研究、理论建模和数值模拟等多重综合集成的研究方法,开展了地下实验室围岩含水结构面超前探测技术、地下实验室开挖方法及开挖损伤区评价技术、围岩开挖响应监测技术和围岩力学时效特性评价技术等研究,成功实施了不良地质体超前探测、围岩变形监测、光面爆破和开挖损伤区评价等11种现场试验,突破了地下实验室围岩含水结构面精细探测技术、低损高效破岩及评价技术、围岩位移全过程监测技术和围岩长期稳定性分析技术,掌握了高放废物地质处置地下实验室工程设计、建造有关的关键安全技术。相关成果为地下实验室设计和建造提供了重要的理论基础和技术支撑,显著提升了我国在高放废物处置领域的研发能力。To conquer the main technical challenges in the construction of underground research laboratory(URL)for geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste(HLW),Xinchang-Jiujing section of Beishan pre-selected area in Gansu Province was selected as the target site to build the Beishan exploration tunnel(BET)as the research platform and to conduct the researches on the excavation and fine detection technology related to URL construction.By using comprehensive methods including experiment,theoretical modeling and numerical simulation,the advanced detection technology for water-bearing structure,URL excavation method and the excavation damaged zone(EDZ)characterization technology,monitoring technology of excavation response of surrounding rocks,and evaluation technology of time-dependent mechanical characteristics of surrounding rocks have been investigated.11 field tests at BET have been successfully implemented,and the key technologies related to the URL design and construction,i.e.,the fine detection technology for water-bearing structure of surrounding rocks,low-damage&high-efficiency excavation and EDZ characterization technology,whole-process monitoring technology of surrounding rock displacement,and long-term stability analysis technology of the URL surrounding rock have been developed.The achievements have provided important theoretical foundation and technical support for the URL design and construction,and significantly improved the research capacity in the field of HLW disposal in China.

关 键 词：高放废物处置 地下实验室 低损高效开挖 精细探测 围岩长期稳定性 

分 类 号：TU45[建筑科学—岩土工程] TN95[建筑科学—土工工程] TU45[电子电信—信号与信息处理] TL94[电子电信—信息与通信工程]