仓储片烟中优势霉菌的分离鉴定及其霉变挥发性代谢产物研究  

Isolation and Identification of Dominant Mold and Its Moldy Volatile Metabolites in Tobacco Strips during Storage

作　　者：王林[1] 王宇栋 朱宝[1] 李虎 周红审[1] 王凯悦 闫铁军[1] 周平 夏海 周敏 WANG Lin;WANG Yudong;ZHU Bao;LI Hu;ZHOU Hongshen;WANG Kaiyue;YAN Tiejun;ZHOU Ping;XIA Hai;ZHOU Min(Technology Center of China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430048,China;School of Food Science and Engineering,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,China;School of Life Science and Technology,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,China;Hubei Engineering Research Center of Fresh Food,Wuhan 430023,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心,湖北武汉430048 [2]武汉轻工大学食品科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430023 [3]武汉轻工大学生命科学与技术学院,湖北武汉430023 [4]湖北省生鲜食品工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430023

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2023年第3期101-108,共8页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北中烟工业有限责任公司科技攻关项目(2020JSYL3JS2B021)。

摘　　要：为建立仓储过程中片烟霉变的快速判别方法,通过纯培养和18S rDNA测序对仓储霉变片烟中的霉菌进行分离、纯化和鉴定,将优势霉菌进行致霉性试验,利用气相色谱离子迁移谱(GC-IMS)分析片烟在优势霉菌不同侵染时期挥发性组分的差异。结果表明,烟叶样品中根霉数量最多,其次是曲霉,再次是毛霉和青霉,优势霉菌为米根霉。致霉性试验表明,米根霉有一定的致霉性。将米根霉接种烟叶进行人工污染,在35℃、相对湿度70%的条件下,经18 d培养,霉菌数量达到5.0×10^(4) cfu/mL,片烟发生轻度霉变。经GC-IMS分析,共定性识别出42种特征挥发性化合物,其中1-辛烯-3-酮、3-辛酮、2-呋喃甲硫醇、松油醇、正辛醇、3-乙基-苯丙酸、戊酸、蒎烯这8种化合物含量在米根霉侵染阶段明显降低,顺式-3-己烯-1-醇、丁酸甲酯、2-戊酮、乙基丙酸这4种化合物含量在片烟发生轻度霉变时明显升高,可作为仓储片烟霉变的潜在标识分子。To establish a rapid identification method for tobacco mildew during storage,pure culture and 18S rDNA sequencing were used to isolate,purify and identify the molds in warehouse moldy pieces of tobacco.The dominant mold was tested for mildew.The differences of volatile components in tobacco strips during different infection periods of the dominant mold were analyzed by gas chromatography⁃ion mobility spectrometry(GC⁃IMS).It was found that Rhizopus was the most abundant in tobacco leaf samples,followed by Aspergillus,Mucor and Penicillium.Further identification showed that Rhizopus oryzae was the dominant mold in tobacco leaves.The mildew experiment showed that Rhizopus oryzae had certain mildew ability.Tobacco leaves were inoculated with Rhizopus oryzae for artificial contamination.After 18 days of culture at 35℃and 70%relative humidity,the amount of Rhizopus oryzae reached 5.0×10^(4) cfu/mL,and mild mildew occurred in the tobacco leaves,and 42 characteristic volatile compounds were identified.Among them,the concentrations of 1⁃octene⁃3⁃one,3⁃octanone,2⁃furan methanethiol,alpha⁃terpineol,1⁃octanol,3⁃ethyl⁃phenylpropanoate,pentanoic acid,and alpha⁃pinene decreased significantly during the infection stage of Rhizopus oryzae,the concentrations of(Z)⁃3⁃hexen⁃1⁃ol,methyl butanoate,2⁃pentanone,and hexyl propionate increased significantly in the mildew stage of tobacco,which could be used as potential labeling molecules for mold in tobacco strips.

关 键 词：片烟 霉菌 霉变预测 气相色谱离子迁移谱 快速检测 

分 类 号：TS45[农业科学—烟草工业] S572