乡村振兴背景下西部地区农村相对贫困测度与影响因素研究——基于X省的实证  

Research on Relative Poverty Measurement and Influencing Factors in Western Rural Areas under the Background of Rural Revitalization——An Empirical Study Based on a Province in Western China

作　　者：朱琳[1,2] 李文琢 廖和平[2,3] 潘卓[2,3] 尹悦娇 ZHU Lin;LI Wenzhuo;LIAO Heping;PAN Zhuo;YIN Yuejiao(College of State Governance,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Center for Targeted Poverty Alleviation and Regional Development Assessment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;School of Geographical Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学国家治理学院,重庆400715 [2]西南大学精准扶贫与区域发展评估研究中心,重庆400715 [3]西南大学地理科学学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第4期14-27,共14页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：重庆市社会科学规划项目(2019YBGL076);重庆市重大决策咨询研究课题(2020ZB06);重庆市硕士研究生科研创新项目(CYS22156);中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室开放研究基金项目(KF2020-01);西南大学创新研究2035先导计划(SWUPilotPlan030).

摘　　要：防止返贫是实现从脱贫攻坚到乡村振兴历史性转移、推动共同富裕实现的关键.本文基于西部地区X省10322份农户调查问卷,从家庭禀赋差异和政策干预因素两个视角,利用Logistic回归方法实证分析农村家庭相对贫困的影响因素和典型特征.结果表明:①当前政策背景下,西部地区农村宜采取当地农村居民人均可支配收入的40%作为相对贫困线.②一般村和脱贫村相对贫困发生率、相对贫困深度、相对贫困强度较为相似;不同类型农户中,稳定脱贫户相对贫困发生率最低,其次为一般户,脱贫不稳定户和边缘易致贫户相对贫困发生率较高,这两类农户的相对贫困深度和强度均高于其他农户.③相对贫困的产生与家庭禀赋、政策因素相关,一般户与建档立卡户、一般村与脱贫村的相对贫困影响因素大体一致.基于上述结论,要针对一般户、稳定脱贫户、脱贫不稳定户和边缘易致贫户等群体分别制定帮扶政策,并积极构建合理的公共资源分配体系,注重帮扶政策实效性,多维改善农户家庭禀赋以提升其增收能力和生计韧性.Preventing poverty return is the key to achieve a historic shift from poverty alleviation to rural revitalization and promote common prosperity.This paper used 10322 micro-farmer questionnaires from X province,a western region,to empirically analyze the influencing factors and typical characteristics of rural households relative poverty from the perspective of family endowment differences and policy intervention factors,using the logistic regression method.The results show that:①Under the current policy background,40%of per capita disposable income of local rural residents should be taken as the relative poverty line in western rural areas.②The incidence,depth,and intensity of relative poverty in general villages and poverty relief villages are relatively similar.Among different types of rural households,the incidence of relative poverty among stable households that have lifted out of poverty is the lowest,followed by ordinary households.The incidence of relative poverty among unstable households that have lifted out of poverty and marginalized households that are prone to poverty is relatively high.At the same time,the relative poverty depth and relative poverty intensity of these two types of rural households are relatively serious.③The generation of relative poverty is related to family endowment and policy factors,and the influencing factors of relative poverty are generally consistent between ordinary households and poverty relief households,and between ordinary villages and poverty relief villages.Based on the above conclusions,it is necessary to formulate assistance policies for normal households,stable households that have lifted out of poverty,unstable households that have lifted out of poverty,and marginalized households that are prone to poverty,actively build a reasonable public resource allocation system,pay attention to the effectiveness of the aid policy,and improve the endowment of farmers families in multiple dimensions to enhance their income growth capacity and livelihood resilience.

关 键 词：相对贫困 贫困测度 影响因素 防止返贫 乡村振兴 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济] C913.7[社会学]