渗透型高聚物在富水砂层中堵水规律试验与数值模拟研究  

Experiment and numerical simulation of water plugging law of permeable polymer in the water-rich sand layer

作　　者：方宏远[1,2,3] 刘康 杜雪明 王复明 FANG HongYuan;LIU Kang;DU XueMing;WANG FuMing(School of Water Resources Science and Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Major Infrastructure Inspection and Repair Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Resources and Transportation Infrastructure Safety Protection in Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学水利科学与工程学院,郑州450001 [2]重大基础设施检测修复技术国家地方联合工程实验室,郑州450001 [3]水利与交通基础设施安全防护河南省协同创新中心,郑州450001

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2023年第3期457-472,共16页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:52008379,51678536,41404096);国家重点基础研究发展规划(编号:2017YFC1501204);国家基础研究计划(编号:2015CB060200)资助项目。

摘　　要：渗透注浆是修建隧道穿越富水砂层时防渗堵水的重要方法之一.与普通化学浆液不同的是,该渗透型高聚物在浆液扩散过程中具有双组分反应并快速固结的特点,适用于在富水砂层中注浆堵水.然而由于其扩散过程中的快速固结的特点,使得其在富水砂层的扩散规律更为复杂.为了研究该渗透型高聚物在富水砂层中的堵水效果,制作了一套可视化的富水砂层渗透注浆模型试验装置,该装置具备可观察浆液扩散距离、监测注浆前后孔隙水压力变化和测量堵水率等功能.以堵水率、渗透系数作为评价富水砂层渗透注浆堵水防渗效果的性能指标,选取砂层粒径、动水压力、注浆压力和黏性土含量4个因素作为渗透注浆的影响因素,开展了砂层渗透注浆堵水防渗效果的正交试验,获得了影响渗透型高聚物浆液在富水砂层渗透注浆效果的主控因素以及各单因素对注浆效果的影响特征.同时,对模型试验进行了数值模拟,重点分析了注浆过程中的浆-水两相渗流场压力、流速和浆液扩散的变化过程,并与试验实测浆液扩散距离进行了对比验证.研究结果表明:(1)富水砂层经渗透型高聚物注浆后,10 min内堵水率可达到90%以上,1 d渗透系数可达到10^(−7)cm/s数量级,达到了理想的堵水防渗效果;(2)在一定注浆压力范围内,注浆压力是控制富水砂层注浆堵水防渗效果的主控因素,随着注浆压力的增大,10 min内堵水率逐渐增大且砂层1 d渗透系数显著降低;(3)反应结束后,浆液能扩散到的砂层位置处,孔隙水压力接近0;(4)数值模拟结果表明,浆-水两相渗流压力场从注浆孔向出水边界递减,顺水段渗流速度受水流冲刷明显大于逆水段,浆液存在逆水扩散现象,扩散距离的模拟结果与固结体实测结果误差不大;(5)通过多元线性回归分析,得到注浆堵水率、固结体1 d的渗透系数与动水压力、注浆压力、砂层粒�When constructing a tunnel through a water-rich sand layer,permeation grouting is one of the important methods for preventing seepage and plugging water.Unlike typical chemical slurries,permeable polymers have the characteristics of two-component reaction and rapid consolidation throughout the slurry diffusion process,making them suited for grouting and plugging water in water-rich sand layers.However,due to the characteristics of rapid consolidation in the diffusion process,the diffusion law in a water-rich sand layer is more complex.To study the water plugging effect of this permeable polymer in the water-rich sand layer,a set of visualized permeable grouting model test devices for the water-rich sand layer was created,which has the functions of observing the slurry diffusion distance,monitoring the pore water pressure change before and after grouting,and measuring the water plugging rate.Using the water plugging rate and permeability coefficient as performance indexes to evaluate the water plugging and anti-seepage effects of seepage grouting in a water-rich sand layer and four factors of sand layer particle size,hydrodynamic pressure,grouting pressure,and cohesive soil content as influencing factors of seepage grouting,the orthogonal test of water plugging and anti-seepage effects of seepage grouting in a sand layer is carried out.The main controlling factors affecting the effect of sand layer infiltration grouting are obtained.Simultaneously,the numerical simulation of the model test was carried out,focusing on the change process of pressure,flow rate and slurry diffusion in the slurry-water two-phase seepage field during the grouting process,and the comparison with the experimentally measured slurry diffusion distance was verified.The results show that:(1)after the water-rich sand layer is grouted with permeable polymer,the water plugging rate can reach more than 90%within 10 min,and the permeability coefficient within a day can reach the order of 10^(−7)cm/s,achieving the ideal water plugging and seepage

关 键 词：富水砂层 渗透注浆 渗透型高聚物 模型试验 数值模拟 堵水 

分 类 号：U455.49[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]