深圳大鹏新区典型自然与人工植物群落结构特征分析  

Structural Characteristics Analysis of Typical Natural and Artificial Plant Communities in Dapeng New District of Shenzhen

作　　者：余华金 杨志明 黄玉源[1,2] 李建仪 李绮恒 余欣繁 秦介堂 YU Hua-jin;YANG Zhi-ming;HUANG Yu-yuan;LI Jian-yi;LI Qi-heng;YU Xin-fan;QIN Jie-tang(College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510225,China;Shenzhen Maosen Ecological Sciences and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518120,China;National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Regional Ecological Environment Change and Comprehensive Management in Guangdong Greater Bay Area/Scientific Observation and Research Station of Ecological Environment in Rapid Urbanization Area of National Environmental Protection/Shenzhen Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Guangdong Province,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518049,China)

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院园艺园林学院,广东广州510225 [2]深圳茂森生态科技有限公司,广东深圳518120 [3]广东大湾区区域生态环境变化与综合治理国家野外科学观测研究站/国家环境保护快速城市化地区生态环境科学观测研究站/广东省深圳生态环境监测中心站,广东深圳518049

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2023年第1期1-8,共8页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家环境保护科学观测研究站项目(D12020166);广东省深圳生态环境监测中心站项目(D121201A8)。

摘　　要：为了解自然、半自然与人工植物群落结构特征差异,采用随机结合典型的群落调查方法,选取深圳市大鹏新区3个典型植物群落进行结构及多样性的对比研究。结果表明:自然植物群落的均匀度、丰富度均高于半自然与人工植物群落,α-多样性指数特征为自然群落>半自然群落>人工群落;自然与半自然植物群落乔木层的植株高度与盖度成极显著正相关(P<0.01);人工植物群落生态优势度高,优势种突出,自然植物群落植物均匀度较高,植物间重要值差距缩小,优势种地位下降;自然植物群落垂直结构(地上部分)物种数量丰富且分布均匀,植物的生长充分利用垂直空间;自然植物群落中记录有土沉香、香港带唇兰、金毛狗、石仙桃国家二级保护植物,人工植物群落中有入侵植物南美蟛蜞菊。通过对比研究可知,自然植物群落结构稳定且多样性高,对自然植物群落的调查研究可为促进生态稳定及植被恢复提供参考。In order to understand the differences in the structural characteristics of natural,semi-natural and artificial plant communities,three typical plant communities in Dapeng New District of Shenzhen were selected to comparatively study the structure and diversity of plant communities by using the random combined with typical community investigation method.The results showed that the evenness and richness of natural plant community were higher than those of semi-natural and artificial plant communities,and theα-diversity index character was natural community>semi-natural community>artificial community.There was a significant positive correlation between plant height and coverage of tree layer in the natural and semi-natural plant communities(P<0.01).The ecological dominance of the artificial plant community was high,and the dominant species were prominent.The plant evenness of the natural plant community was high,the important value gap between plants was narrowed,and the status of the dominant species was decreased.The species in the vertical structure(aboveground part)of natural plant community were abundant and evenly distributed,and the vertical space was fully utilized for plant growth.In the natural plant community,Aquilaria sinensis,Tainia hongkongensis,Polypodium barometz,and Pholidota chinensis were recorded as the national secondary protected plants,while in the artificial plant community,the invasive plant Wedelia trilobata was recorded.Through the comparative study,it could be seen that the structure of natural plant community was stable and the diversity was high.The investigation and study of natural plant community could provide reference for promoting the ecological stability and the vegetation restoration.

关 键 词：自然植物群落 人工植物群落 植被结构 多样性 深圳大鹏新区 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]