耐热甘薯品种筛选及生理机理探析  

Screening and Physiological Mechanism Analysis of Heat-resistant Sweet Potato Varieties

作　　者：施小梅 SHI Xiao-mei(Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Innovation Utilization in Mountainous Areas,Sanming,Fujian 365509,China)

机构地区：[1]三明市农业科学研究院/福建省(山区)作物遗传改良与创新利用重点实验室,福建三明365509

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2023年第1期37-42,共6页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省科技厅引导性项目(2020N0048);“十四五”福建省种业创新与产业化工程(2021-2025年)——农业良种育种攻关与产业化开发项目(zycxny2021005)。

摘　　要：为了筛选获得甘薯耐热品种,以4个优质甘薯品种为研究对象,将叶片耐热评价值、SPAD值、过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性以及抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性作为耐热指标,对比35℃和40℃高温胁迫下4个品种甘薯叶片各指标间的差异,探究高温胁迫对甘薯叶片生理及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明:35℃高温胁迫下,4个品种甘薯叶片形态无明显变化,在40℃高温胁迫下,龙薯116和莆薯23的叶片出现明显的失水卷曲,SPAD值较金山57和广薯87显著降低;叶片中产生的H_(2)O_(2)含量高达2.53μmol·g^(-1)和4.21μmol·g^(-1),造成CAT以及APX的活性增强,且MDA含量较金山57和广薯87显著增加,高达10.06 nmol·g^(-1)和14.94 nmol·g^(-1)。综合评价,参试品种中广薯87为耐热性优秀的甘薯品种,金山57次之。研究结果可为甘薯种植产业提供耐热品种资源,为甘薯耐热品种的选育提供理论依据。In order to screen and obtain the heat-resistant varieties of sweet potato,four high-quality sweet potato varieties were used as the research objects.The heat resistance evaluation value,SPAD value,hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))content,malondialdehyde(MDA)content,catalase(CAT)activity and ascorbate peroxidase(APX)activity of leaves were used as the heat resistance indexes.Then,the effects of high temperature stress on the leaf physiology and antioxidant enzyme activity of sweet potatoes were investigated by comparing the differences of various leaf indexes of four varieties of sweet potatoes under the high temperature stress of 35℃and 40℃.The results showed that there was no significant change in leaf morphology of the four sweet potato varieties under the high temperature stress of 35℃.Under the high temperature stress of 40℃,the leaves of Longshu 116 and Pushu 23 showed obvious water loss curl,and the SPAD value was significantly lower than that of Jinshan 57 and Guangshu 87.The content of H_(2)O_(2)in leaves was as high as 2.53 nmol·g^(-1)and 4.21 nmol·g^(-1),which resulted in the increase of CAT and APX activity,and the content of MDA was significantly higher than that of Jinshan 57 and Guangshu 87,which were up to 10.06 nmol·g^(-1)and 14.94 nmol·g^(-1).According to the comprehensive evaluation,Guangshu 87 was the best sweet potato variety with excellent heat resistance in the the tested varieties,followed by Jinshan 57.The results could provide the heat-resistant variety resources for the planting industry of sweet potato and provide theoretical basis for the breeding of heat-resistant varieties of sweet potato.

关 键 词：耐热甘薯品种 叶片 高温胁迫 生理 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]