法秩序统一视野下“个人信息”的认定——从侵犯公民个人信息罪切入  

Identification of“Personal Information”from the Perspective of Unity of Legal Order−From the Perspective of the Crime of Violating Citizens’Personal Information

作　　者：雷达 郑旭江 LEI Da;ZHENG Xujiang(School of Law,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China;School of Law,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学法学院,北京102488 [2]浙江理工大学法政学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《北京科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第3期310-319,共10页Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“刑法的立体分析与关系刑法学研究”(编号:19AFX007);中国法学会2022年度部级法学研究课题“云计算平台著作权侵权责任的规范构造与认定路径”(编号:CLS(2022)27)。

摘　　要：个人信息已成为21世纪最有价值的资源之一。非法利用公民个人信息的行为不断涌现,成为当前刑事治理的重点领域。在司法实践中,混用个人信息与相关概念的现象屡屡发生,影响对侵犯公民个人信息罪犯罪构成要件的理解,也关系着刑罚的处罚边界。“个人信息”作为侵犯公民个人信息罪的行为对象,是刑民规范聚合的必然产物。因此,应当尝试在法秩序统一性原理的价值指引下解读“个人信息”概念:在形式上,以《民法典》的相关规定为基础,采取狭义的个人信息认定方式,将个人信息与个人数据、隐私进行明确区分;在实质上,深刻把握侵犯公民个人信息罪的法益内核,个人信息作为本罪的行为对象应当充分体现个人信息自决权的法益本质,从而为实现信息主体的选择权和决定权提供坚实基础。Personal information has become one of the most valuable resources in the 21st century.The illegal use of citizens’personal information has become the focus of the current criminal law governance.In judicial practice,the phenomenon of mixing personal information and related concepts has become the norm,which affects the understanding of the constitutive requirements of the crime of infringing citizens’personal information and the scope of punishment.As the object of the crime of infringing citizens’personal information,“personal information”is an inevitable product of the convergence of criminal and civil norms.Therefore,we should try to interpret the concept of“personal information”under the guidance of the principle of unity of legal order:in the form,based on the provisions of the Civil Code,we should adopt the concept of personal information in a narrow sense,and strictly distinguish the relationship between personal information,personal data and privacy;in essence,we should deeply grasp the legal core of the crime of infringing citizens’personal information.As the object of this crime,personal information should fully reflect the legal nature of the right to self-determination of personal information,and provide a solid foundation for the realization of the right to choose and decide.

关 键 词：侵犯公民个人信息罪 个人信息自决权 个人信息 法秩序统一性 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]