民国时期大众报刊中的女打字员形象阐释  

The Images of Female Typists in the Mass Press during the Republican Period

作　　者：章梅芳 姜心玉 ZHANG Meifang;JIANG Xinyu(Institute for Cultural Heritage and History of Science&Technology,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学科技史与文化遗产研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《北京科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第3期353-361,共9页Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金年度项目“性别视角下中国近代科技文化研究”(编号:20BZX042)。

摘　　要：通过对民国时期大众报刊有关打字员的新闻、漫画及广告等进行文本分析,文章发现当时大众报刊上出现了两类相互矛盾的关于女打字员的形象话语,即“胜任、生利、独立”的正面形象和“花瓶、娇妻”的负面形象;结合有关档案史料,分析认为正面形象因社会经济发展需要、女学及妇女解放思潮的兴起,促使女性积极走出家庭、走入社会而起,负面形象则因旧有劳动性别分工观念的强大惯性及男权文化焦虑使然;这两种形象的并存从一个侧面反映了性别文化尤其是劳动性别分工观念在社会转型时期呈现的新旧杂糅的特点。Through the analysis of the news,illustrations and advertisements about typists in the mass press dur-ing the Republican period,combined with the relevant archival historical materials,it is found that there were two kinds of contradictory images about female typists in the mass press at that time.The positive one thinks female typists are competent and independent,but the negative one compares them to“eye candy”and even“delicate wife”.The positive images show that the social needs and economic development,the rise of female education and women’s liberation encouraged women to actively walk out of the family and into the society,while the negative images implied that the strong inertia of the old concept of gender division of labor and the patriarchal culture anxiety.The coexistence of these two kinds of images reflects the characteristic of the blending of the new and old ideas of gender division of labor in the period of social transformation.

关 键 词：女打字员 民国时期 媒介形象 

分 类 号：N09[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]