限根处理下根系矿质元素和微生物互作对番茄生长及品质的影响  

Effects of Interaction between Root Mineral Elements and Microorganisms on Tomato Growth and Quality under Root Restriction Treatment

作　　者：高亚轻 季延海 周新原 梁浩 刘明池[1,2] GAO Yaqing;JI Yanhai;ZHOU Xinyuan;LIANG Hao;LIU Mingchi(Vegetable Institute of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry,Beijing 100097,China;North China Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所,北京100097 [2]农业农村部华北都市农业重点实验室,北京100097

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2023年第4期50-56,共7页China Vegetables

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20210437);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-23-G-06)。

摘　　要：以瑞粉882为试材,采用限根栽培方式,分别设定0.5、1、4、15 L(CK)4种限根体积处理,研究不同限根处理下根系矿质元素和微生物互作对番茄植株生长和果实品质的影响。结果表明,限根处理均显著降低了番茄植株的株高、叶面积及单果质量;但能不同程度地提高果实品质,其中0.5 L限根体积处理的果实可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、VC含量均显著高于对照,较对照分别提高了35.48%、36.09%、29.69%。根系受限后根系悬浮液EC值增加,p H值降低,根系活力提高,但对全氮、全磷、全钾的吸收比例不同,其中根系中全氮、全钾含量升高,全磷含量降低。根系微生物方面,限根栽培增加了细菌、放线菌数量,但减少了真菌数量。综合分析可知,限根栽培番茄植株的根系受垂直和水平方向的限制,根系微环境含盐量高、养分含量失衡,从而导致植株生长矮小,但0.5 L限根体积可以显著提高果实中可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、VC含量。This study took‘Ruifen 882’tomato as test material,and adopted root-restricting cultivation method by 4 treatments of 0.5 L,1 L,4 L,and 15 L(CK)to study the the effects of root mineral elements and microorganisms on growth and quality of tomato plant under different root restriction treatments.The results showed that all root restriction treatments had significantly reduced the plant height,leaf area and single fruit quality of tomato plants;but could improve fruit quality in various degrees.By 0.5 L root restriction treatment the contents of soluble solid,soluble sugar and VC in fruit were significantly higher than that of the contrast,increasing 35.48%,36.09%and 29.69%,respectively.After root restriction,the EC value of root suspension liquid had increased,pH value decreased,and root activity increased.But,the absorption ratios of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium were different,among which the contents of total nitrogen and total potassium in root were increased,and total phosphorus content was decreased.In root microbiological aspect,root restriction cultivation increased the number of bacteria and actinomyces,but decreased the number of fungi.The comprehensive analysis showed that the roots of tomato plants were restricted by vertical and horizontal directions,and high salt content and unbalanced nutrient content under root micro-environment had resulted in growth of short and small plants.But,0.5 L root-limiting volume could significantly increase the contents of soluble solid,soluble sugar and VC in fruit.

关 键 词：番茄 无土栽培 限根 品质 微生物 矿质元素 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]