最适运行温度条件下猪场废水厌氧产氢初期菌群演替研究  

Study on the microbial succession in the early stage of hydrogen production during anaerobic digestion of swine wastewater at optimal temperature

作　　者：赵禾 史风梅[2] 马玉新[1,3] 赵文军[1,3] 贾学斌[1,3] ZHAO He;SHI Fengmei;MA Yuxin;ZHAO Wenjun;JIA Xuebin(College of Civil Engineering,Heilongjiang University,Habin 150080,China;Heilongiang Academy of Black Soil Conservation and Uilization,Heilongiang Academy of Agriculural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China;Engineering Research Center of Rural Water Safety of Heilongjiang Province,Heilongjiang Universily,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学建筑工程学院,哈尔滨150080 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院黑龙江省黑土保护利用研究院,哈尔滨150086 [3]黑龙江大学黑龙江省村镇饮水安全工程技术研究中心,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《黑龙江大学自然科学学报》2023年第1期65-74,共10页Journal of Natural Science of Heilongjiang University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U21A20162);黑龙江省农业科学院科学基金(2019KYJL013);黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”专项基金(HNK2019CX16);黑龙江省大学生创新创业训练计划(202110212213)。

摘　　要：为了解决低温厌氧产氢效率低的问题,采用16S rRNA现代分子生物学技术研究猪场养殖废水在20℃条件下厌氧发酵初期产氢菌群的结构和演替,明晰低温厌氧产氢初期的发酵机理。研究结果表明,在20℃条件下,丁酸型产氢菌Clostridium baratii和Clostridium butyricum是厌氧体系产氢初期阶段的优势菌种。通过KEGG同源分析可知,菌群在20℃条件下主要参与氨基酸代谢和糖代谢,其中最为相关的为丙酮酸代谢、氨基糖和核糖代谢以及糖酵解/糖异生代谢途径。可在低温厌氧体系中投加Clostridium butyricum和Clostridium baratii或包括Clostridium butyricum、Clostri-dium baratii、Corynebacterium variabile、Advenella faeciporci和Cryobacterium psychrophilum的生物菌剂,有针对性地对发酵和产氢过程进行调控或强化。该研究可为提高寒区厌氧产氢甚至废水厌氧产甲烷工程的效率提供思路和技术支撑。In order to solve the problem of low fficiency of low temperature anaerobic lhydrogen production,16S rRNA moderm molecular biology technology was used to study the microbial community structure and microbial succession of lhydrogen production in the early stage of anaerobic fementation of swine wastewater at 20℃,and the fermentation mechanism in the early stage of low temperature anaerobic hydrogen production was clarified.The results show that Clostidium baratii and Clostridium butyricum are the dominant species in the initial stage of hydrogen production in anaerobic system.The KEGG homology analysis shows that the microbial communityis mainly involves in amino acid metabolism and glucose metabolism at 20℃.The most relevant metabolisms are pyruvate metabolism,aminosugar and nucleotide metabolism,and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways.Clostridium butyricum and Clostridium baratii or biological agentsincluding Clostridium buyricum,Clostridium barati,Corynebaterum rariabile,Advenella faeciporci,and Cryobacterium psychrophilum can be added to specifically regulate or strengthen the fermentation and hydrogen production processes.The study can provide ideas and technical support for improving the eficiency of anaerobic hydrogen or methane production of wastewater anaerobic projects in cold areas.

关 键 词：猪场废水 厌氧发酵 菌群演替 16S rRNA 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]