小麦红花间作系统根际微生物群落结构及功能分析  

Effects of wheat/safflower intercropping on rhizosphere microbial community function and structure

作　　者：王香生 连延浩 郭辉 任永哲[1] 辛泽毓[1] 林同保[1] 王志强[1] WANG Xiangsheng;LIAN Yanhao;GUO Hui;REN Yongzhe;XIN Zeyu;LIN Tongbao;WANG Zhiqiang(College of Agronomy,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,郑州450000

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》2023年第4期516-529,共14页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金项目(222300420454);河南省科技攻关项目(202102110025)资助。

摘　　要：研究小麦红花间作系统作物根际土壤微生物群落结构及功能变化,对后期构建合理的小麦红花间作种植模式和地区适宜性评价具有重要意义。本研究在田间设置小麦红花间作(2∶1)模式,以小麦单作、红花单作为对照,基于Illumina Miseq高通量测序平台研究了小麦红花根际土壤细菌和真菌群落结构特征和功能变化,在成熟期,分别测定小麦红花产量。结果表明:小麦红花间作土地当量比为1.01,间作优势并不明显;小麦、红花根际微生物多样性指数分析结果表明,间作提高了小麦根际细菌多样性和真菌的丰富度,但显著降低了小麦根际细菌的丰富度和真菌多样性;间作显著提高了红花根际细菌的多样性,但降低了红花根际真菌的多样性及细菌和真菌的丰富度。主坐标分析(PCoA)和群落均衡性分析结果表明,间作显著改变了红花根际微生物群落结构。小麦红花根际优势细菌门为变形菌门、酸杆菌门和拟杆菌门,在单作小麦、间作小麦、单作红花和间作红花中平均相对丰度总占比分别为65.94%、70.57%、71.39%和70.07%,优势真菌为子囊菌门、担子菌门,平均相对丰度总占比分别为75.99%、68.17%、93.23%和69.88%。间作显著提高了红花根际酸杆菌门、Rokubacteria以及真菌的被孢霉门的相对丰度,对小麦各菌门并未造成显著影响。功能预测结果表明,间作显著提高了红花根际好氧氨氧化、硝化作用、发酵、硝酸盐还原等养分循环过程,结合相关性分析结果发现细菌MND1属与这些过程显著正相关,且其相对丰度在红花根际表现为间作显著高于单作。此外,间作显著提高了红花根际丛枝菌根功能基因的相对丰度,降低了植物病原菌类功能基因的相对丰度;在属水平,间作显著提高了红花根际被孢霉属、Wickerhamomyces等有益菌属的相对丰度,显著降低了镰刀菌属、链格孢属致病真菌属的相对丰度。共现�Studying the structure and function of rhizosphere soil microbial communities in wheat/safflower intercropping systems is of great significance for the construction of appropriate wheat/safflower intercropping patterns and regional suitability evaluation.In this study,a wheat/safflower intercropping(2∶1)pattern was set in the field,and wheat monoculture and safflower monoculture were used as controls,based on Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing platform.The community structure and functional changes of bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere soil of wheat/safflower intercropping were studied,and safflower and wheat yield were measured at maturity.The results showed that the wheat/safflower intercropping land equivalent ratio was 1.01,the intercropping advantage was not obvious.The wheat and safflower intercropping increased the bacterial diversity and fungal richness of the wheat rhizosphere,but significantly decreased the bacterial richness and fungal diversity.Intercropping significantly increased bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere of safflower but decreased fungal diversity and bacterial and fungal richness in the rhizosphere of safflower.A principal coordinate analysis and equilibrium analysis of the rhizosphere soil microbial community showed that intercropping significantly changed the microbial community structure in the rhizosphere of safflower.Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria,and Bacteroidetes were the dominant bacteria in the rhizospheres of wheat and safflower,their average total proportions of relative abundances were 65.94%,70.57%,71.39%,and 70.07%for monocultured wheat,intercropped wheat,monocultured safflower and intercropped safflower,respectively.Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant fungi,the their average total proportions of relative abundances were 75.99%,68.17%,93.23%and 69.88%for monocultured wheat,intercropped wheat,monocultured safflower and intercropped safflower,respectively.Intercropping significantly increased the relative abundance of Acidobacteria,Rokubacteria,and Mor

关 键 词：小麦红花间作 根际土壤 微生物 群落结构 功能预测 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S567.219