氮添加和施用生物炭对杉木幼苗土壤微生物群落组成的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Addition and Biochar Application on Soil Microbial Community Composition of Cunninghamia Lanceolata Seedlings

作　　者：石思雨 马亚培 钟羡芳[1,2] 司友涛[1,2] 陈岳民 马红亮[1,2] 高人[1,2] 尹云锋[1,2] SHI Siyu;MA Yapei;ZHONG Xianfang;SI Youtao;CHEN Yuemin;MA Hongliang;GAO Ren;YIN Yunfeng(Institute of Geography,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理研究所,福州350117 [2]福建师范大学福建省植物生理生态重点实验室,福州350117

出　　处：《亚热带资源与环境学报》2023年第1期41-47,共7页Journal of Subtropical Resources and Environment

基　　金：福建省公益类科研院所专项(2020R1002005、2022R1002001)。

摘　　要：以杉木幼苗为对象,研究氮(N)添加和施用玉米秸秆生物炭(BC)对土壤微生物群落组成的短期影响。以NH_(4)NO_(3)为N源,添加量分别为0(对照)、40(低量)和80(高量)kg·N·hm^(-2)·a^(-1),不同N添加水平下BC施用量分别为0(对照)、12(低量)和36(高量)t·hm^(-2)。结果表明,与对照相比,单独N添加、单独BC施用以及在N添加下施用BC处理对土壤细菌Shannon指数和真菌Chao1指数的影响均不显著,单独施用高量BC以及在N添加下施用高量BC处理与相应的对照相比,明显提高了土壤细菌Chao1指数,但降低了真菌Shannon指数。土壤细菌群落以绿弯菌门、变形菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门为主,而真菌群落则以被孢霉门、子囊菌门、担子菌门为主,且真菌的优势菌门相对丰度变化对N添加和BC施用的响应要比细菌的敏感。主坐标分析表明,单独N添加以及施用低量BC处理未明显改变细菌和真菌的群落结构,仅在施用高量BC处理时变化较为明显。冗余分析进一步发现,土壤全碳(TC)含量是细菌和真菌群落组成变化的关键因子。本研究可为BC在杉木人工林经营初期土壤肥力提升及其减缓N沉降负面效应方面的应用提供科学参考。In this paper,Cunninghamia lanceolata seedlings were selected to investigate the short-term effects of nitrogen(N)addition and maize straw biochar(BC)application on soil microbial community composition for 3 months.N(NH_(4)NO_(3) solution)addition consisted of 0(control),40(low N addition)and 80 kg N·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)(high N addition),and BC application rates were 0(control),12(low BC application),36 t·hm^(-2)(high BC application)at each N addition level.The results showed that the N addition alone,BC application alone and BC combined with N addition treatments had no effect on the Shannon index of bacteria and Chao1 index of fungi,compared with the control.The high BC application(both BC alone and BC combined with N addition)treatments significantly increased the Chao1 index of bacteria compared with the corresponding control,while the Shannon index of fungi was decreased.The Chloroflexi,Proteobacteria,Actinobacteriota and Acidobacteriota were the dominant bacterial phyla,and the Mortierellomycota,Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant fungal phyla under different treatments.In addition,the responses of relative abundances of the dominant phyla of fungi were more sensitive to N addition and BC application than that of bacteria.Principal coordinate analysis(PCoA)indicated that the community structure of bacteria and fungi was not significantly changed by N addition and low BC application treatments,however,it was significantly shifted by high BC application treatments.Redundancy analysis(RDA)further revealed that soil total carbon(TC)content was a key factor correlated with change in bacterial and fungal community structure.This study will provide important information for the application of BC in improving soil fertility and mitigating negative effect of N deposition during the early stage of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation management.

关 键 词：氮添加 生物炭 杉木 细菌 真菌 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]