“天问一号”无线电掩星观测试验及特征分析  

Tianwen-1 Radio Occultation Observation Experiment and Feature Analysis

作　　者：陈略[1,2,3] 王美 简念川[4] 满海钧 韩松涛[1,2] 孔静 郭鹏[4] 平劲松 CHEN Lue;WANG Mei;JIAN Nianchuan;MAN Haijun;HAN Songtao;KONG Jing;GUO Peng;PING Jinsong(Beijing Aerospace Control Center,Beijing 100094,China;National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aerospace Flight Dynamics,Beijing 100094,China;National Astronomical Observatories,CAS,Beijing 100012,China;Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,CAS,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航天飞行控制中心,北京100094 [2]航天飞行动力学技术国家级重点实验室,北京100094 [3]中国科学院国家天文台,北京100012 [4]中国科学院上海天文台,上海200030

出　　处：《深空探测学报（中英文）》2023年第1期80-87,共8页Journal Of Deep Space Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42005099);部委级试验技术研究项目(1800050381)。

摘　　要：中国“天问一号”探测器环火飞行为星–地火星无线电掩星观测提供了必要条件,可有效支持火星大气、电离层反演探测。重点介绍国内首次基于“天问一号”的火星无线电掩星观测试验。利用“天问一号”预报轨道,预报地面深空站掩星观测弧段;组织深空站,对“天问一号”进行火星入掩全过程观测,采集与记录探测器原始下行信号;利用自研深空开环测量软件,对“天问一号”下行信号进行处理分析,提取火星无线电掩星特征。结果表明:信号中幅度衍射斑纹与频率翘尾特征被成功提取,印证了此次星–地火星无线电掩星事件被有效观测,为后续基于“天问一号”的火星大气探测科学研究,积累了重要技术经验与测量数据。China’s Tianwen-1 probe orbiting Mars provides necessary conditions for Mars-to-Earth Mars radio occultation observation,and can effectively support the exploration of Mars atmosphere and ionosphere retrieval.In this paper,the first domestic Mars radio occultation observation experiment based on Tianwen-1 was introduced.Firstly,Tianwen-1 was used to forecast the orbit and the occultation observation arc of the ground deep space station.Then,deep space stations were organized to observe the entire process of Tianwen-1 Mars occultation,and the original downlink signals of the probe were sampled and recorded.Finally,the self-developed deep space open-loop measurement software was used to process and analyze the downlink signals of Tianwen-1,to extract the radio occultation features of Mars.The results show that the amplitude diffraction speckles and frequency warping features in the signal were successfully extracted,which confirms that the Mars-to-Earth Mars radio occultation event has been effectively observed,and important technical experience and measurement data have been accumulated for subsequent scientific research on Mars atmospheric exploration based on Tianwen-1.

关 键 词：天问一号 无线电掩星 火星大气 大气反演 特征分析 

分 类 号：V11[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] P14[天文地球—天体物理]