米团花的开花与泌蜜规律  

The characteristics of fl owering and nectar secretion in Leucosceptrum canum Smith

作　　者：庞春秀 丁桂玲[1] 国占宝[1] 黄家兴 Pang Chunxiu;Ding Guiling;Guo Zhanbao;Huang Jiaxing(Key Laboratory for Insect-Pollinator Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Apicultural Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100093,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所,农业农村部授粉昆虫生物学重点实验室,北京100093

出　　处：《中国蜂业》2023年第2期61-65,共5页Apiculture of China

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项;中国东方航空集团有限公司沧源帮扶项目资助。

摘　　要：本研究对米团花的开花与泌蜜规律进行了观测,探究了米团花花序的开花规律、单花泌蜜量与花蜜糖浓度的日变化规律、单花在盛花期内泌蜜量与糖浓度的变化规律、不同区域单花的泌蜜量与糖浓度的日变化规律以及花蜜颜色与花蜜糖浓度的关系。结果表明:花序从出现花苞至所有单花盛开5~7天,直至所有单花枯萎并脱落约30天。花序中有194~575朵单花,单花的花期约10天。在一天的三个检测时间段中,单花在9:30~10:30的泌蜜量最大,在15:30~16:30的花蜜糖浓度最高。在盛花期间,单花在第2天的泌蜜量最大,在第3天的花蜜糖浓度最高。在花序不同区域内,中部区域的单花泌蜜量最大,顶部区域单花的花蜜糖浓度最高。花蜜的糖浓度与花蜜的颜色呈一定的相关性。本研究结果有助于更好的了解米团花的开花与泌蜜习性,从而为米团花期的蜜蜂管理提供一定的理论依据。This study,by observing the characteristics of fl owering and nectar secretion in Leucosceptrum canum Smith,explores the fl owering pattern of the infl orescence,the daily variation of the nectar volume and the nectar sugar concentration by a single fl ower,the nectar volume and the nectar sugar concentration of a single fl ower in the full-bloom stage,the daily variation of the nectar volume and nectar sugar concentration of a single fl ower in different regions of the infl orescence,and the relationship between the color and the sugar concentration of nectar.The results demonstrated that it took 5~7 days from the emergence of a single fl ower bud in the infl orescence until all single fl owers are in full bloom,and about 30 days until all the single fl owers withered and fell off.There were 194~575 single fl owers in the infl orescence and the fl owering period for a single fl ower was about 10 days.In the three testing periods of a day,the nectar volume of a single fl ower was highest at 9:30~10:30,and the nectar sugar concentration was highest at 15:30~16:30.During the fullbloom stage,the nectar secretion of single fl owers was highest on the second day and the nectar sugar concentration was highest on the third day.In different regions of the infl orescence,the nectar secretion of single fl owers was highest in the middle region and the nectar sugar concentration was highest in the top region.There is a certain correlation between the sugar concentration of nectar and its color.This study provides theoretical basis for honeybee management during the fl owering period by enabling a better understanding of the fl owering and nectar secretion characteristics of Leucosceptrum canum Smith.

关 键 词：米团花 开花 泌蜜规律 糖浓度 花蜜颜色 

分 类 号：S897.1[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]