空间集聚和知识溢出的微观机理与动态模拟  

Micro-mechanism and Dynamic Simulation of Spatial Agglomeration and Knowledge Spillover

作　　者：薛领[1] 彭志斌 赵威 XUE Ling;PENG Zhibin;ZHAO Wei(School of Government,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学政府管理学院,北京100871

出　　处：《复杂系统与复杂性科学》2023年第1期18-26,33,共10页Complex Systems and Complexity Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71873007,71733001);国家社会科学基金重点项目(ZZAZD043)。

摘　　要：针对“新”新经济地理学在企业生产率的设定、企业间知识溢出的机制、集聚地区生产率提高的来源等方面存在的3个“黑箱”,借助复杂经济学和基于agent的计算经济学的思想和方法,利用遗传算法对企业的知识结构进行编码,并开发基于agent的空间经济仿真平台,模拟企业通过知识溢出和创新,实现生产率提高和空间集聚的过程。研究发现:知识溢出机制下的企业流动具有渐进性、双向性等动态异质性特征。在空间集聚过程的早期,地区生产率的提高源于高效率企业进入形成的“拉高效应”和本地知识溢出的共同作用,集聚过程的后期地区生产率的提高则主要源自本地的知识溢出,并出现低效率企业进入的“拉低效应”。According to the study of“new”new economic geography,there are three“black boxes”in terms of the setting of firm productivity,the mechanism of knowledge spillover between firms,and the sources of the increase in agglomerated areas’productivity.Based on the ideas and methods of Complexity and Agent-based Computational Economics,we use Genetic Algorithms to encode firms’knowledge structure and develop an agent-based spatial economic evolution simulation platform to simulate the process of firms’productivity improvement and spatial agglomeration through knowledge spillover and innovation.Simulation experiments demonstrate that the knowledge spillover leads to dynamic heterogeneity of firms,and the flow of firms between regions is progressive and bidirectional.Then,in the early stage of the spatial agglomeration process,the increase in regional productivity is due to the“pull-up effect”formed by the entry of high-efficiency firms and the combined effect of knowledge spillover,while in the later stage of the agglomeration process,the increase in regional productivity is mainly due to local knowledge spillover and the“pull-down effect”of the entry of low-efficiency firms.

关 键 词：新经济地理学 企业异质性 知识溢出 遗传算法 基于agent的仿真模拟 

分 类 号：F061.5[经济管理—政治经济学]