涉重危废中有价金属的生物浸提回收及脱毒残渣的建材化利用  

Bioleaching and recovery of valuable metals from heavy metals-contained hazardous wastes and building materials utilization of detoxification residue

作　　者：崔延超 王佳 李惠民 张明顺 葛亚军 田炳阳 辛宝平 CUI Yan-chao;WANG Jia;LI Hui-min;ZHANG Ming-shun;GE Ya-jun;TIAN Bing-yang;XIN Bao-ping(School of Environmental and Energy Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Capital Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100028,China;Materials Institute,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学环境与能源工程学院,北京100044 [2]北京首创环境科技有限公司,北京100028 [3]北京理工大学材料学院,北京100081

出　　处：《应用化工》2023年第3期864-867,873,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21777007);广东省石油化工污染过程与控制重点实验室开放课题基金(2018B030322017)。

摘　　要：综述了涉重危废处理技术的研究现状,分析了涉重危废有价金属回收的常规工艺及主要问题,介绍了涉重危废中有价金属的生物沥浸技术及涉重危废脱毒残渣建材化利用适用性分析,评价了涉重危废处理处置技术前景。总结了针对各类涉重危废,回收稀贵/有价金属,去除剧毒/有毒金属,减低/消除脱毒残渣的建材化利用风险,实现涉重危废的资源回收、循环利用、(近)零排放的技术路线。The current research status of the treatment technology of heavy metals-contained hazardous wastes is reviewed,the conventional process and main problems of valuable metal recovery of heavy metals-contained hazardous wastes are analyzed,the bioleaching technology of valuable metal in heavy metals-contained hazardous wastes and the analysis of the applicability of building material utilization of detoxification residue of heavy metals-contained hazardous wastes is introduced,and the prospects of treatment and disposal technology of heavy metals-contained hazardous wastes are evaluated.It summarizes the technical route to recover rare/valuable metals,remove highly toxic/toxic metals,reduce/eliminate the risk of building materials utilization of detoxification residues,and achieve resource recovery,recycling and(near)zero emission of heavy metals-contained hazardous wastes.

关 键 词：涉重危废 有价金属 生物沥浸 建材化 

分 类 号：TQ09[化学工程] X751[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X-1