不同地质断层性质判别关联分析与伪变特征  

Discriminant Correlation Analysis and Pseudo Features of Different Geological Fault Properties

作　　者：任金武 辛亚军[2,3] 高家平 杨斌 REN Jinwu;XIN Yajun;GAO Jiaping;YANG Bin(Yong Coal Group Yonghua Energy Co.,Ltd.,Henan Energy and Chemical Industry Group,Luoyang 471000,China;School of Energy Science and Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization,Jiaozuo 454000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南能源化工集团永煤集团永华能源有限公司,河南洛阳471000 [2]河南理工大学能源科学与工程学院,河南焦作454000 [3]煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《煤炭技术》2023年第3期122-127,共6页Coal Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51374091);深井瓦斯抽采与围岩控制技术国家地方联合工程实验室开放基金项目(SJF201801)。

摘　　要：在地质勘测中,正逆断层通常可通过断层面上下盘的相对运动关系或断层附近岩体拉挤特征进行判定,正常认知2种判定方法具有相关性。通过对现场地质断层的揭露,分析了上下盘判定地质正逆断层与构造应力作用判定的相关性,探析了上下盘判定正逆断层与构造应力判定不符的地质构造原因及相关适用条件,提出了多重地质构造运动造成断层性质伪变条件与伪变特征。研究表明:复杂构造运动后岩层上下盘判定逆断层交界面存在岩体宽大张裂隙现象(构造应力判定正断层),不具有通过构造应力判定的逆断层(挤压破碎、揉皱、磨圆等)特征;上下盘判定与构造应力判定在第2、第4象限内不具有相关性,高角度断层易逆向进入第2象限发生伪变,低角度断层则易顺向进入第4象限发生伪变,此2种情况称为正(逆)断层伪变,断面伪变的临界角度分别为β=0°与90°;由于多重地质构造运动的复杂性,断层伪变主要是断层面在二次构造运动中倾斜角度变化决定,进而给出伪变断层形成条件与表示形式,指导了现场地质断层性质的正确判定。In geo logical survey, normal fault and reverse one could usually be discriminated by the relative movement of the hanging and footwall or the pultrusion characteristics of the rock mass around the fault, which are generally correlated. The correlation of normal fault and reverse one discriminated by geological hanging footwall and tectonic stress was analysed in exposing geological field faults, the relevant applicable conditions and the inconformity cause of the hanging and footwall discriminants by geological structure and tectonic stress were expolored, the pseudo conditions and characteristics of fault properties were put forward in the multiple geotectonic movements. The results showed that, wide cracks in the rock mass occured at reverse fault interface following the complex tectonic movement,however, the normal fault were discriminated by tectonic stress, which didn′t have the charateristics of reverse fault discriminated by tectonic stress(crush, crumple, round, etc). There was no correlation between two discriminants of hanging-footwall and tectonic stress in the second and fourth quadrants,the high-angle fault reversed easily into the second quadrant and produced pseudo, the low-angle fault entered easily into the fourth quadrant and produce pseudo, which were called the normal(reverse)fault pseudom, therefore the critical angles of the pseudo-variation were β =0° and 90°, respectively.Due to the complexity of the multiple geological tectonic movement, fault pseudo was mainly determined by the angle change of fault faces in the secondary tectonic movement. Gave the conditions and expression of pseudo fault, which guided the correct discrininant of field geological fault.

关 键 词：正断层 逆断层 多重构造 判定关联 形成条件 伪变特征 

分 类 号：P542[天文地球—构造地质学]