316L不锈钢低温力学性能研究与寿命预测  

Study on Low-temperature Mechanical Properties and Life Prediction of 316L Stainless Steel

作　　者：李奇聪 司俊[2] 金鑫 王继 郭素娟[1] LI Qicong;SI Jun;JIN Xin;WANG Ji;GUO Sujuan(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;Shanghai Institute of Special Equipment Inspection and Technical Research,Shanghai 200062,China;China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518028,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200237 [2]上海市特种设备监督检验技术研究院,上海200062 [3]中广核研究院有限公司,广东深圳518028

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2023年第4期27-31,共5页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0808800)。

摘　　要：为探究低温环境对316L不锈钢力学性能的影响,开展了293、173、77 K下的拉伸试验和低周疲劳试验,分析了温度和马氏体相变对材料力学性能的影响,采用塑性应变能公式进行了寿命预测并对该模型加以修正。结果表明,由于温度对马氏体相变的影响,降温可以提升材料强度,且降温幅度可显著影响材料强度的增幅。低温循环应力幅响应曲线受马氏体相变影响较大,而马氏体相变也是室温循环应力幅响应曲线出现循环软化和二次硬化的重要因素。修正后的塑性应变能公式预测精度较原有模型得到大幅提升,寿命预测结果均在二倍分散带内。To investigate the effect of low temperature on the mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel,the tensile tests and low-cycle fatigue tests were carried out at 293 K,173 K and 77 K to analyze the effects of temperature and martensitic transformation on the mechanical properties of the material.Finally,the plastic strain energy formula was used to predict the life of the material and the model was modified.The results show that due to the effect of temperature on martensitic transformation,the cooling can improve the strength of materials,and the amplitude of cooling can significantly affect the increase of material strength.The cyclic stress amplitude response curve at low temperature is greatly affected by martensitic transformation,which is also an important factor for cyclic softening and secondary hardening of cyclic stress amplitude response curve at room temperature.The prediction accuracy of the modified plastic strain energy formula greatly improves compared with the original model,and the life prediction results are all in the two-fold dispersion zone.

关 键 词：低温 316L不锈钢 低周疲劳 马氏体相变 寿命预测 

分 类 号：TG142.12[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]