中学生时间洞察力特质与健康行为选择内隐偏好:未来情景性思维的作用  

Time Perspective Traits and Implicit Preferences of Healthy Behavior Choice in Middle School Students: The Role of Episodic Future Thinking

作　　者：热比古丽·白克力 杨晓辉[1] 王振宏[1] Rebiguli•Baikeli;Yang Xiaohui;Wang Zhenhong(School of Psychology,Shaanxi Normal University,Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health,Xi’an,710062;School of Business Administration,Xinjiang University of Finance&Economics,Urumqi,830012)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学心理学院,陕西高校儿童青少年心理与行为健康哲学社会科学重点研究基地,西安710062 [2]新疆财经大学工商管理学院,乌鲁木齐830012

出　　处：《心理科学》2023年第1期82-89,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31671152)的资助。

摘　　要：本研究采用经典内隐联想测验任务,研究了现在享乐、现在宿命和未来三种时间洞察力特质中学生的健康行为选择内隐偏好以及未来情景性思维在时间洞察力类型与健康行为选择内隐偏好中的调节作用。结果发现:未来特质中学生的健康行为选择内隐偏好高于现在享乐和现在宿命特质中学生;未来情景性思维水平在中学生时间洞察力类型与健康行为选择内隐偏好的关系中起调节作用,即未来情景性思维显著提高现在享乐和未来特质中学生的健康行为选择内隐偏好,而对现在宿命特质的作用不显著。本研究表明未来时间洞察力特质是中学生选择健康行为的积极因素,未来情景性思维能促进现在享乐和未来时间洞察力特质中学生的健康行为选择内隐偏好。Health behaviors in adolescents are an important factor of morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have found that there was a close relationship between time perspective and choice preference for health behaviors, and there were differences between individuals with different traits of time perspective. The purpose of this study was to explore the implicit preferences of healthy behavior choice among middle school students with three types of time perceptive traits: present-hedonistic, present-fatalistic and future, and the role of episodic future thinking between different time perceptive trait and implicit preferences of healthy behavior choice.In this study, we used the classic IAT test to investigate the implicit preference of healthy behavior choice in middle school students. 184 subjects(mean age: 15.43±1.18 years) were selected through clustering analysis on the score of “Zimbardo Time Perspective Scale” that classified the subjects into three groups: the present-hedonistic(n=62), the present-fatalistic(n=61) and the future(n=61). Each group was divided into episodic future thinking group and non-episodic future thinking group.Two-factor analysis of variance was conducted for the data where the type of time perspective trait was one independent variable as the between-subjects factor measured by the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, and episodic future thinking level was another independent variable as a between-subject factor, which was operated by episodic future thinking task. The dependent variable was an indicator called D value that was computed by response time. The result showed that:(1) The main effect was significant on the time perspective traits that the implicit preference of healthy behavior choices of the middle school students with the trait of future time perspective higher than that of the middle school students with the trait of present-hedonistic and present-fatalistic time perspective.(2) The main effect of episodic future thinking level was significant that the implicit pref

关 键 词：时间洞察力特质 中学生 健康行为选择 内隐偏好 未来情景性思维 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学]