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作 者:陈佳举 CHEN Jiaju
机构地区:[1]中国科学技术大学知识产权研究院
出 处:《中国政法大学学报》2023年第2期197-207,共11页Journal Of CUPL
基 金:2021年度上海市社科规划课题“电商平台‘通知—删除’规则运行环境反思与重构研究”(2021ZFX002)的阶段性成果。
摘 要:知情同意作为个人信息处理的正当性正面临着双方地位不平等致使制度失灵和数据保护与流通价值冲突的存亡困境。法律行为理论为此提供了出路。在法律性质上,知情同意是私法自治的具象,其法律属性为合同。在正当性基础上,知情同意体现了对作为主体的人处理其自身事务的尊重,但这一尊重限于平等主体之间,当双方地位不平等时需要对法律行为予以限制。作为平等主体,不能肆意以社会公共利益之名使个人信息处理者凌驾于信息主体之上,应保留知情同意,充分尊重双方的合意。在现实意义上,有助于明确知情同意的成立和生效要件、厘清知情同意的效力瑕疵及处理方式、具化同意的方式以及缓和数据保护与流通之间的法律价值冲突。Justified as informed consent in personal information processing, it is facing the existential dilemma of system failure caused by the unequal status of the two subjects and the legal conflict between data protection and circulation value. The theory of legal act provides an approach to responding to it. In legal nature, informed consent is the embodiment of private law autonomy, and its legal attribute is contract. In the perspective of legitimacy,informed consent demonstrates respect to the person who is the subject to deal with his own affairs. But only when the status of the two subjects are equal, this respect plays its role, otherwise, it is necessary to restrict legal acts. As equal subjects, we should not arbitrarily put the personal information processor above the information subject in the name of social public interests. The informed consent should be retained and the consensus of both parties should be respected. In the practical sense, it is helpful to clarify the establishment and effectiveness of informed consent, clarify the validity flaws and treatment methods of informed consent, specify the way of consent, and ease the legal value conflict between data protection and circulation.
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