利用CND法进行荔枝、龙眼叶片营养诊断研究的适宜性  

Suitability of Utilization of Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis on Diagnosis of Foliar Nutrient in Litchi and Longan

作　　者：朱永聪 罗东林 白翠华[1] 姚丽贤[1] ZHU Yongcong;LUO Donglin;BAI Cuihua;YAO Lixian(College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2023年第2期20-31,共12页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-32)。

摘　　要：【目的】确定作物高产水平是建立作物叶片营养诊断指标的前提。探讨组分营养诊断法(Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis,CND)在计算荔枝、龙眼高产水平时存在的问题,明确该法是否适用于荔枝、龙眼叶片营养诊断。【方法】2016—2019年在华南荔枝、龙眼主产区分别采集荔枝、龙眼末次梢老熟期和果实膨大期共511、262份叶片样本,准确记录每株采样树的果实产量,测定叶片大中微量养分含量。按照CND法原理,拟合荔枝和龙眼叶片养分含量累积方差比例函数-产量模型,分析模型中出现异常值对模型的影响,并比较剔除异常值前后养分拐点值的变化以及不同高产临界值选定原则对高产群体的影响。【结果】荔枝、龙眼不同生育期部分产量模型存在异常值。剔除这些异常值对产量模型和养分拐点值影响显著,且影响缺乏规律性。不论根据什么原则确定高产临界值,均存在高产群体样本量少、占比太低以及与实际产量水平差距太大等问题。不同年份相同生育期和相同年份不同生育期计算获得的高产临界值差异大、稳定性差。此外,无论对异常值的处理,还是高产临界值的选择,均存在较强的主观性。【结论】在荔枝、龙眼上应用CND法划分高产群体存在明显局限性。这可能是研究的样本量、作物叶片养分含量状况和计数量纲三者共同制约的结果。建议在年际产量变幅大的多年生木本果树上谨慎采用该法进行叶片营养诊断研究。【Objective】Determination of the high-yield production level is the premise of establishing foliar nutrient diagnosis indicators for crop.The problems of compositional nutrient diagnosis(CND)approach in determining the high-yield levels of litchi and longan were examined,with the aim to identify whether CND is a suitable approach for diagnosis of foliar nutrient in litchi and longan.【Method】A total of 511 leaf samples of litchi(Litchi chinensis Sonn)(c.v.Feizixiao)and 262 leaf samples of longan(Dimocarpus longan Lour)(c.v.Chuliang)were collected at terminal shoot maturing stage and fruit bulking stage in litchi and longan orchards in South China during 2016-2019.The fruit yields of all sample trees were recorded at each harvest period.Foliar nutrient(N,P,K,Ca,Mg,S,Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn and B)contents in all samples were determined.Based on the principle of CND approach,the models for the accumulative variance function of foliar nutrient content and fruit yield of litchi and longan were fitted.The appearance of anomalous extremes was examined,and their effects on the models were further analyzed.Then,the variations of the cutoff values before and after the elimination of anomalous extremes were compared,and the influences of different high-yield cutoff value selection principles on high-yield population were investigated.【Result】Abnormal values appeared in the models for fruit yield of both litchi and longan at different growth periods.The removal of the abnormal values had significant influence on the yield models and nutrient cutoff values,and the influence was irregular.No matter what kind of principle is used to determine the high-yield threshold,there were problems such as the small size of the high-yield population,the low proportion of high-yield population or the great discrepancy between the calculated yield level and the actual yield level.Moreover,the calculated high-yield threshold considerably varied with growth stage and year,indicating poor stability.In addition,there was a strong subjectivity in t

关 键 词：荔枝 龙眼 叶片营养诊断 多年生木本果树 CND 高产群体 

分 类 号：S667.1[农业科学—果树学] S667.2[农业科学—园艺学]