加速度环境中环路热管稳态工作性能对比  

Steady-state working performance of loop heat pipes in acceleration environment:Comparative study

作　　者：刘思远 谢永奇[1,2] 苏健 张红星[3] 李国广 LIU Siyuan;XIE Yongqi;SU Jian;ZHANG Hongxing;LI Guoguang(School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;National Defense Key Discipline Laboratory of Ergonomics and Environmental Control,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院,北京100191 [2]北京航空航天大学人机功效与环境控制国防重点学科实验室,北京100191 [3]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094

出　　处：《航空学报》2023年第4期173-184,共12页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：航天创新基金项目(CAST-BISEE2019-009)。

摘　　要：环路热管在机载电子设备冷却领域具有较大的应用潜力。为了获得环路热管在加速度环境中的工作性能,针对2套具有不同蒸气管线和液体管线结构尺寸的不锈钢-氨双储液器环路热管,搭建了加速度环境中环路热管工作性能实验台,实验研究了2套环路热管在重力环境和1g~7g逆加速度环境、100~300 W热载荷下的稳态工作性能,结合工质受力分析,建立了加速度环境中双储液器环路热管系统流阻预测模型,分析了不同加速度大小、热载荷、热管结构形式对环路热管工作性能的影响规律及作用机理。结果表明:在重力环境中环路热管工作温度随热载荷变化呈“V”型趋势。逆加速度会引起回路流阻增大,导致工作温度升高甚至超温,对液体管线较长的环路热管尤为明显。1g和3g逆加速度、小热载荷时液体管线较长的环路热管工作温度低于蒸气管线较长的环路热管,而在5g和7g逆加速度时则相反。在重力环境和逆加速度环境中,蒸气管线较长的环路热管的可变热导区与固定热导区临界热载荷均在200 W左右。研究结果对机载电子设备冷却用环路热管的设计具有指导意义。Loop heat pipes have significant application potential in the cooling field of airborne electronic equipment.Two sets of ammonia-stainless steel dual compensation chamber loop heat pipes with different line lengths were used,and an experimental platform was built to obtain the working performance of loop heat pipes under the acceleration condition.The steady-state performance of two loop heat pipes under gravity,1g to 7g inverse acceleration conditions and 100 W to 300 W heat loads was experimentally studied.Combined with the force analysis of working fluid,a pre⁃diction model of total flow resistance of loop heat pipes under the acceleration condition was established.The influence law and mechanism of different acceleration,heat loads and heat pipe structures on the working performance of loop heat pipes were analyzed.The results showed that the variation curve of the operating temperature of the loop heat pipe with heat load presented a“V”shape under gravity.The inverse acceleration would cause the increase of loop flow resistance,resulting in the increase of working temperature or even overtemperature,particularly for the loop heat pipe with long liquid pipelines.The operating temperature of the heat pipe with a long liquid line was lower than that of the heat pipe with a long vapor line with 1g and 3g inverse acceleration and small heat loads,while it was the opposite with 5g and 7g inverse acceleration.Under gravity and the acceleration condition,the critical heat load of both the vari⁃able heat conductance zone and the constant heat conductance zone was about 200 W.The experimental results pro⁃vide certain guidance for the design and installation of loop heat pipes.

关 键 词：电子设备冷却 环路热管 双储液器 过载加速度 流阻 

分 类 号：V245[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] TB131[理学—物理]