防霜风机圆弧板叶型降噪结构设计与试验  

Structure Design and Test on Noise Reduction for Frost Protection Wind Machine of Arc-plate Blade

作　　者：胡永光[1] 封成岗 汤江文[2] 谢忠洲 张志 HU Yongguang;FENG Chenggang;TANG Jiangwen;XIE Zhongzhou;ZHANG Zhi(School of Agricultural Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology,Chengdu 610021,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学农业工程学院,镇江212013 [2]中国测试技术研究院,成都610021

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2023年第3期158-168,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD-2018-87)。

摘　　要：夜间作业时茶果园防霜风机产生的噪声严重影响周边居民,为降低圆弧板叶型防霜风机的气动噪声,进行了锯齿降噪结构设计。以锯齿长度、宽度、个数和位置为试验因素,以叶轮轴线正前方1 m处声压级和出口面平均风速为评价指标,采用数值模拟和响应面法结合的方式优化锯齿结构参数。优化结果表明:锯齿参数对声压级影响由大到小为锯齿宽度、个数、长度、位置;对风速影响由大到小为锯齿位置、宽度、个数、长度。最优参数组合为锯齿长度26.0 mm、宽度11.6 mm、个数16、位置480.0 mm。对锯齿叶型进行了性能测试,试验结果表明,锯齿叶型正前方、正后方和径向右侧各监测点的声压级比对照叶型平均降低7.71%,距离锯齿叶型风机30 m处的声压级低于国标限值45.0 dB。两款叶型风速分布趋势相近,在12 m处测得,对照叶型和锯齿叶型的最大风速分别为3.19、3.17 m/s。两款叶型均能够产生较好的温升效果,锯齿叶型在10、15 m处平均温升分别为2.8、3.2℃;对照叶型在10、15 m处平均温升分别为3.0、3.1℃,两者无显著差异。结果表明,在保证防霜性能的前提下,锯齿叶型可有效降低风机噪声。The noise generated by the frost protection wind machine in the tea orchard at night had a serious impact on the surrounding residents,to reduce the aerodynamic noise of the frost protection wind machine of arc-plate blade,a sawtooth noise reduction structure was designed.Taking the length,width,number and position of the sawtooth as the test factors,and the sound pressure level(SPL)at 1 m directly in front of the impeller axis and the average wind speed at the outlet surface as the evaluation index,the combination of numerical simulation and response surface method was used to optimize the structural parameters of the sawtooth.The optimization results showed that the significant order of the influence of sawtooth parameters on the SPL was the width,number,length and position of the sawtooth;the significant order was the sawtooth position,width,number and length on wind speed.The optimal parameter combination was the sawtooth length of 26.0 mm,width of 11.6 mm,number of 16,and position of 480.0 mm.The performance test of the sawtooth blade was carried out.The test results showed that the SPL at a distance of 30 m from the sawtooth-blade fan was lower than the national standard limit of 45.0 d B,and the SPL at the front,rear and radial right points of the sawtooth blade were reduced by an average of 7.71%compared with the control blade.The wind speed distribution trends of the two blade types were similar and both could produce a good temperature rise effect.The maximum wind speeds of control blade type and sawtooth blade type were 3.19 m/s and 3.17 m/s,respectively,which were both measured at 12 m.The average temperature rises of leaf type at 10 m and 15 m were 2.8℃and 3.2℃,respectively;the average temperature rise of control leaf type at 10 m and 15 m were 3.0℃and 3.1℃,respectively,and there was no significant difference between the two.The sawtooth blade type could effectively reduce the noise of the fan on the premise of ensuring the frost protection performance.

关 键 词：防霜风机 叶型 锯齿结构 降噪 数值模拟 

分 类 号：S224.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程]