螺旋运动式自动割胶装置设计与试验  

Design and Test of Automatic Rubber-tapping Device with Spiral Movement

作　　者：张喜瑞[1,2] 温振拓 张志富 孙泽瑾 张恒 刘俊孝[1,2] ZHANG Xirui;WEN Zhentuo;ZHANG Zhifu;SUN Zejin;ZHANG Heng;LIU Junxiao(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Sanya Nanfan Research Institute,Hainan University,Sanya 572025,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学机电工程学院,海口570228 [2]海南大学三亚南繁研究院,三亚572025

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2023年第3期169-179,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2021XDNY198);海南省院士创新平台科研专项(YSPTZX202109、YSPTZX202008);海南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(520QN233);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-33-JX2);海南省高等学校科学研究项目(Hnky2022-9)。

摘　　要：针对人工割胶劳动强度大,工作效率低,人工成本高且胶工紧缺等问题,设计了一种螺旋运动式自动割胶装置。通过分析割胶轨迹与割胶刀作业状态下的受力情况,获得螺旋化轨迹方程,设计仿割胶轨迹螺旋轨道与齿轨;利用ADAMS软件对3种不同齿形的传动轴与螺旋齿轨的传动稳定性进行仿真分析,确定螺旋传动机构的结构和工作参数,基于柔性连接方式设计贴树仿形割胶机构。以传动轴转速、耗皮厚度与橡胶树直径为试验因素,以割胶深度和割面平滑度合格率为试验指标,进行正交试验。结果表明:割胶装置在传动轴转速12.00 r/min时,对不同直径橡胶树具有最优的割胶效果,其割胶深度平均合格率为89.60%,割面平滑度平均合格率为91.19%;其中,对直径为200 mm的橡胶树进行耗皮厚度2 mm的割胶作业时割胶效果最佳,其割胶深度平均合格率达到93.93%,割面平滑度平均合格率达到94.32%,满足割胶作业要求。Tapping is the key to obtaining natural rubber.Manual rubber tapping is usually encountered in harsh environments,high labor intensity,low efficiency,and a shortage of rubber tapping workers.An automatic rubber-tapping device with spiral movement was designed to solve these problems.Based on theoretical analysis of the tapping track and force analysis of the tapping knife in working,the equation of spiral trajectory was obtained,and the spiral track and gear rail were designed.Then the ADAMS software was used to simulate and analyze the transmission stability of three different gear shapes in the drive shaft and spiral gear rail,and the structure and working parameters of the spiral transmission mechanism were determined.On the strength of the flexible connection method,the pasting and profiling rubber-tapping mechanism was designed.The prototype was tuilt,and an orthogonal test was taken with the factors of transmission shaft speed,tapping thickness,and rubber tree diameter under the indexes of qualification rate of the rubber tapping depth and the tapping surface smoothness.The results showed that the rubber-tapping device had the best tapping performance with a transmission shaft speed of 12.00 r/min.While the average qualified rate of the tapping depth was 89.60%,and the average qualification rate of the tapping surface smoothness was 91.19%.Among them,the 200 mm diameter rubber trees were the best for rubber tapping with a thickness of 2 mm.The average qualification rate of the tapping depth and the tapping surface smoothness were 93.93%and 94.32%under these best parameters,meeting the requirements of tapping work,which can provide a reference for further research of mechanized and automatic rubber tapping devices.

关 键 词：天然橡胶 自动割胶 螺旋运动 装置设计 

分 类 号：S225.93[农业科学—农业机械化工程]