猫科动物的分类——分子系统学框架和化石证据  

The Modern Classification of Felidae——Combining Molecular Phylogeny Framework and Fossil Evidence

作　　者：张凯[1] 沈雪丽 刘凯怊 姜皓 江左其杲 ZHANG Kai;SHEN Xue-Li;LIU Kai-Zhao;JIANG Hao;JIANG-ZUO Qi-Gao(Northeast Forestry University,Herbing 150040;China Agricultural University,Beijing 100091;Monitoring Centre for Forest Resources of Zhejiang,Hangzhou 310020;Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution,School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040 [2]中国农业大学,北京100091 [3]浙江省森林资源监测中心,杭州310020 [4]中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室,北京100044 [5]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [6]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2023年第1期1-29,共29页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(No.42102001)。

摘　　要：猫科动物的演化关系传统上一直是富有争议的,这很大程度上造成了猫科在属一级的分类众说纷纭。新兴的分子生物学技术为我们理解猫科动物的系统发育提供了新的视角,本文回顾了近些年来的猫科分子系统学研究,以Johnson等(2006)和李钢等(2016)的研究结果为核心,同时结合确切的化石记录进行佐证,推断了猫科的演化历史。我们发现,分子系统学提出的现代猫科动物于晚中新世开始适应辐射、先后分化出了8个支系等观点,与化石证据基本吻合;但是分子系统学对部分支系起源的推断与化石证据存在差异。结合化石记录的分析,我们认为现代猫科8个支系中除狞猫支系和虎猫支系以外,其余均最有可能起源于亚洲,现代猫科动物在演化过程中至少经历了30次洲际迁徙。结合演化历史和形态学研究,我们遵循邱占祥等(2004)的观点,将现存的猫科动物全部归于猫亚科(Felinae),并将现代猫亚科动物划分为15个属40个物种。[Objectives]The evolutionary relationship of Felidae has been controversial.As a result,there are highly divergent views on classification of cats at the generic level.The emerging phylogeny using gene or genomic data provides a new viewpoint to understand the evolution of cats.[Methods]This paper reviews the molecular phylogeny of Felidae over recent years,and we deduce the evolutionary history of Felidae in combination twith fossil records.The phylogenies by Johnson et al.(2006)and Li et al.(2016)are used as the core,corroborated by specific fossil records.[Results]Recent molecular phylogenies propose living cats radiated in the Late Miocene and diverged into eight branches.Though the divergent age of these branches largely coincides with fossil evidence,the inferred origination area of some branches is not supported by fossil records.Combing the evidence from these fossil records,we propose that the most living cat lineages are likely originated in Asia except for the Caracal lineage and Leopardus lineage,and living cats experienced at least 30 intercontinental migrations in the process of evolution,far more than those inferred from only molecular phylogeny.[Conclusion]Based on the study of evolutionary history and morphology,we suggest that all the living cats should be classified into Felinae,and subdivided into 15 genera and 40 species.

关 键 词：猫科 演化 分子系统学 化石记录 

分 类 号：Q959[生物学—动物学]