大熊猫国家公园长青管理分局辖区两栖爬行动物调查及区系分析  

Herpetological Resource Survey and Analysis in the Changqing Branch Areas of Giant Panda National Park

作　　者：王航 周勇 赵霖鹏 段雷 李萍 刘夏星 许升全[1] WANG Hang;ZHOU Yong;ZHAO Lin-Peng;DUAN Lei;LI Ping;LIU Xia-Xing;XU Sheng-Quan(College of Life Sciences,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119;Shaanxi Changqing National Nature Reserve,Hanzhong 723000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学生命科学学院,西安710119 [2]陕西长青国家级自然保护区管理局,汉中723000

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2023年第1期84-93,共10页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(No.2013JC2-04)。

摘　　要：为深入了解大熊猫国家公园长青管理分局辖区两栖爬行动物多样性现状,促进动物多样性管理,于2021年5月、7月和10月开展了调查工作。将调查区划分为5 km×5 km调查样区,每个样区设置调查样线1~3条,样线长500 m~2 km。主要沿溪沟、河流、林地、草地、公路等生境设置,涵盖所有生境类型。调查获得两栖爬行动物标本437号,经形态特征和DNA条形码鉴定37种,并结合文献资料记载14种,共记录两栖爬行动物51种。其中,两栖动物15种,隶属2目8科13属;爬行动物36种,隶属2目6科22属,分别占陕西省两栖爬行动总数的53.6%和63.2%。与合并前的长青、皇冠山、桑园三个保护区综合科学考察结果相比,新增两栖动物5种、爬行动物5种。保护区内东洋界物种具明显优势,占63%,广布种占25%,古北界物种占12%;我国特有种26种,被列入中国脊椎动物红色名录中受威胁等级的有14种。结果显示,长青管理分局辖区的两栖爬行动物具有重要的保护价值,本次调查有助于全面了解大熊猫国家公园长青管理分局辖区两栖爬行动物资源概况,为科学保护和管理提供基础资料。[Objectives]This study aims to understand the biodiversity status of amphibians and reptiles in Changqing Branch Areas of Giant Panda National Park and promote the effective management of the reserve.[Methods]Field investigations were carried out in 2021 May,July and October,and the survey areas were divided into 5 km×5 km sample areas.Each sample area was set with 1 to 3 survey transect lines,each of which was 500 m to 2000 m long(Fig.1).Site coordinates,altitude and habitat types were recorded,and species were identified by morphology and DNA barcode.[Results]437 amphibian and reptile specimens was obtained,37 species were identified by morphological characteristics and DNA barcoding,and 14 species were recorded in combination with literature,a total of 51 species of amphibians and reptiles were recorded.Among them,15 species of amphibians belong to 13 genera,8 families,2 orders.There are 36 species of reptiles,belonging to 22 genera,6 families,2 orders.26 species are endemic to China,and 14 species are listed in The Red List of China’s Vertebrates(Appendix 1).The amphibians and reptiles in the reserve are mainly Oriental species,with a small number of widespread species and Palaearctic species.Among the Oriental species,there are 10 amphibians and 21 reptile species,mainly from central China.The composition of amphibian and reptile fauna further indicates that the Qinling Mountains are in the transitional zone between Palaearctic and Oriental boundaries(Table 1).The diversity index of amphibians and reptiles in Changqing Branch Areas is high and the species diversity is complex.Amphibians and reptiles all had higher rank meta-diversity at family level and lower rank meta-diversity at genus level.In addition,the indexes of reptiles were higher than those of amphibians,indicating that the diversity of reptile family and genus in Changqing Branch Areas was higher than that of amphibians(Table 2).The Oriental species are dominant in different vertical altitudes,and they are concentrated at an altitude of 500﹣

关 键 词：大熊猫国家公园长青管理分局辖区 两栖动物 爬行动物 物种多样性 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]