基于抗惊厥作用和化学成分分析探讨《雷公炮炙论》之米泔制僵蚕炮制的科学性  

Scientificity of Jiangcan(Bombyx Batryticatus)Processed with Rice Washing Water in Leigong Baozhi Lun Based on Anticonvulsant Effect and Chemical Composition Analysis

作　　者：刘玉杰 胡美变 何丽英 王丹[2] 吴纯洁[2] LIU Yujie;HU Meibian;HE Liying;WANG Dan;WU Chunjie(Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Jinzhong 030619,Shanxi,China;Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 611137,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]山西中医药大学,山西晋中030619 [2]成都中医药大学,四川成都611137

出　　处：《中华中医药学刊》2023年第2期149-153,I0023,I0024,共7页Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82104397);山西省应用基础研究计划项目(20210302124630);山西省高等学校科技创新计划项目(2021L357)。

摘　　要：目的探讨《雷公炮炙论》中记载的米泔制僵蚕炮制方法的科学性。方法建立戊四氮急性惊厥动物模型,以惊厥潜伏期、惊厥发生率、死亡潜伏期和存活率为指标评价僵蚕经米泔水炮制前后的抗惊厥作用差异;采用相关技术分析僵蚕米泔制前后气味物质、杂质、总灰分、蛋白质含量及组成、水溶性小分子成分的变化。结果米泔水炮制僵蚕不会影响僵蚕对戊四氮急性惊厥模型小鼠的抗惊厥作用;僵蚕经米泔制后有难闻气味的成分(2-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、乙基苯、间二甲苯等)相对峰面积明显降低,而具有愉悦气味的成分(乙酸、2,3-丁二酮、2,3-二甲基吡嗪、苯甲醛等)明显升高;炮制后杂质和总灰分含量明显降低;蛋白含量及组成无明显变化;炮制后多数水溶性小分子含量略有降低,且从水溶性成分中鉴定出8个化合物。结论僵蚕经米泔制后,一方面起到矫臭矫味和洁净药材的炮制作用,另一方面保留了僵蚕中的主要化学成分和对戊四氮急性惊厥模型小鼠的抗惊厥作用。可为僵蚕古代经典炮制方法(米泔制)的科学性提供支撑。Objective To explore the scientificity of Jiangcan(Bombyx Batryticatus,BB)processed with rice washing water re⁃corded in Leigong Paozhi Lun.Methods By establishing the animal model of pentylenetetrazol acute convulsion,the anticonvulsant effects of BB and BB processed with rice washing water(RBB)were evaluated by taking the seizure latency,seizure rate,death la⁃tency and survival rate as indexes.Odor substance,impurities,total ash,protein composition and most water-soluble small mo⁃lecular ingredients in BB were analyzed after processing with rice washing water though correlation analysis technology.Results The processing of BB with rice washing water would not significantly affect the anticonvulsant effect of BB on pentylenetet⁃razol acute convulsion model mice.It was also found that the relative peak area of the ingredients with unpleasant smell(2-pi⁃nene,beta pinene,ethyl benzene,m-xylene,etc.)decreased significantly,while the ingredients with pleasant smell(acetic acid,2,3-butanedione,2,3-dimethylpyrazine,benzaldehyde,etc.)increased significantly.The contents of impurities and total ash in BB decreased significantly after processing with rice washing water.There was no significant change in protein content and the protein composition of BB was also not obviously changed.It was found that the content of most water-soluble small molecular ingredients decreased slightly after the processing,and the structure of 8 compounds were identified.Conclusion The above exper⁃imental results showed that the processing of BB by processing with rice washing water could not only improve the odor and clean medicinal materials,but also retain the main chemical ingredients in BB and anticonvulsant effect on pentylenetetrazol acute con⁃vulsion model mice of BB.This study can provide support for the scientificity of the ancient classical processing method of BB.

关 键 词：僵蚕 《雷公炮炙论》 古代经典炮制方法 米泔制 炮制原理 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]