山区农户耕地撂荒特征及代际异质性——基于赣南于都县的实证分析  

Characteristics of farmland abandonment and intergenerational heterogeneity of farmers in mountainous areas:Based on the empirical analysis of Yudu County in southern Jiangxi

作　　者：邹金浪 张传[1] 姚冠荣 刘陶红 ZOU Jinlang;ZHANG Chuan;YAO Guanrong;LIU Taohong(Institute of Ecological Civilization,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang 330013,China;Land Management Research Center,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学生态文明研究院,南昌330013 [2]江西财经大学土地管理研究中心,南昌330013

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2023年第3期238-249,共12页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72164014,41971243);江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ180282);江西省高校人文社会科学研究项目(JJ18234);江西财经大学第十七届学生科研课题(20220912231942257)。

摘　　要：为探究山区农户耕地撂荒特征及代际异质性,借助代际社会学中的“社会代”理论构建了山区农户耕地撂荒行为代际差异分析框架,基于赣南于都县的微观数据,采用Logit模型和Tobit模型进行了实证检验。结果表明:1)山区农户耕地撂荒行为具有明显的代际差异,老一代、中生代和新生代农户的耕地撂荒行为依次增强,具体而言,代际差异每提升一个等级,农户耕地撂荒概率增加6.6%、撂荒程度增加2.3%;2)代际差异具有通过作用山区农户耕地保护意愿、生计策略和种植结构而影响其耕地撂荒行为的机制,即山区老一代、中生代和新生代农户的耕地保护意愿趋弱、生计策略非农转型趋强、经济作物种植趋减,导致其耕地撂荒行为依次增强。因此,本研究提出如下建议:变革农业经营体系,优化山区不同代际农户农业生产模式;优化山区耕地在农户代际间的配置,提高耕地利用效率;因地制宜建设山区经济作物产业链,促进不同代际农户共同增收。In order to explore the characteristics of farmland abandonment and intergenerational heterogeneity of farmers in mountainous areas,this study constructs an analysis framework for intergenerational differences in farmland abandonment behavior of farmers in mountainous areas based on the“social cohorts”theory in intergenerational sociology,and conducts an empirical test by using Logit model and Tobit model based on the micro-data of Yudu County in southern Jiangxi Province.The results indicate that:1)There is an obvious intergenerational difference in the farmland abandonment behavior of farmers in mountainous areas,and the farmland abandonment behaviors of the old,middle and new generations increase successively.Specifically,for each level of intergenerational differences,the probability and degree of farmland abandonment increased by 6.6%and 2.3%,respectively.2)The intergenerational differences have mechanism that affect farmers’farmland abandonment behavior in mountainous areas through acting on their farmland conservation intentions,livelihood strategies and planting structures.The old,middle and new generations of farmers in mountainous areas are less willing to protect farmland,more willing to transform their livelihood strategies to non-agricultural,and less willing to plant cash crops,which leading to an increase in their farmland abandonment behavior in turn.Therefore,it is suggested to reform the current agricultural management system and optimize the agricultural production mode of farmers of different generations,optimize the allocation of farmland between generations of farmers to improve the efficiency of farmland use,as well as build the industrial chain of cash crops in mountainous areas according to local conditions to promote the common income increase of farmers of different generations.

关 键 词：耕地撂荒 农户行为 社会代理论 代际差异 赣南山区 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]