投资补贴规制路径与逻辑的多维审视  

A Multi-dimensional Review of the Approaches and Logics of Investment Subsidies Regulation

作　　者：殷维 YIN Wei(Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学国际法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《太平洋学报》2023年第3期14-28,共15页Pacific Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“国际贸易协定中的国有企业规则与中国方案研究”(21BFX152)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：近年来,欧盟的反补贴实践与立法动向和美式经贸协定中纳入的非商业援助条款,呈现出将传统补贴纪律从贸易领域向跨境投资扩张趋势。这类新兴规则以投资补贴作为规制对象,以维护公平竞争和消除市场扭曲为名,试图填补监管空白、约束外国政府投资激励措施、规范国有企业跨境投资行为。然而,投资补贴规制存在逻辑不自洽、歧视性立法和“竞争保护主义”等倾向,是欧美制度输出与规则博弈的表现。中国应坚持以“发展为导向”进行纠正,从“竞争”视角予以回应。深化国内改革、推动合理规则的构建,以发展中国家发展权和国际合作以谋发展的角度来协调各项经济政策的外溢与冲突;积极参与规则博弈,利用双边与多边机制提升投资补贴规则制定话语权,维护中国的发展利益。In recent years,the EU countervailing practice and legislative trends and the clauses of the non-commercial assistance in the US-dominated trade agreements have illustrated the expansion of traditional subsidies disciplines from trade sector to cross-border investments.These emerging rules intend to regulate investment subsidies.In the name of maintaining fair competition and eliminating market distortions,they are designed to fill the regulatory gap,restrict foreign governmental investment incentives,and regulate investments of state-owned enterprises.However,there are problems such as inconsistent logics,discriminatory legislation,and“competition protectionism”,demonstrating the institutional outputs and rules of game of the EU and the US.It is important for China to take a development-oriented approach and respond from a competitive perspective.This requires deepening domestic reforms,promoting reasonable rule-making,and coordinating spillovers and conflicts in various economic policies from the perspective of developing countries’rights to development and international cooperation for development.Also,it requires actively partici-pating in the game of rules,utilizing bilateral and multilateral mechanisms to enhance the discourse power in the rule-making process and to safeguard China's interests in economic development.

关 键 词：投资补贴 跨国补贴 投资激励措施 竞争中性 补贴纪律 

分 类 号：D99[政治法律—国际法学] F11[政治法律—法学]