巨大芽孢杆菌BM1259对不同精粗比体外瘤胃发酵特性的影响  

The effect of Bacillus megaterium BM1259 with different concentrate to forage ratio on rumen fermentation characteristics in vitro

作　　者：王阔鹏 王琳 张建刚 封丽梅 林淼[1] WANG Kuopeng;WANG Lin;ZHANG Jiangang;FENG Limei;LIN Miao(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development(International Joint Laboratory),Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Tianjin Customs,Tianjin 300461,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]扬州大学农业科技发展研究院(国际联合实验室),江苏扬州225009 [3]天津海关,天津300461

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2023年第1期117-123,共7页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-36);江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)。

摘　　要：为利用体外发酵法研究巨大芽孢杆菌对不同精粗比底物发酵特性的影响,以3头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦干奶期奶牛作为瘤胃液供体动物,将豆粕和稻秸以4∶6、5∶5、6∶4的比例混合作为对照组(分别为C1、C2、C3处理),在此基础上添加0.1 g巨大芽孢杆菌(1×10^(10)cfu·g^(-1))作为4∶6 (T1处理)、5∶5 (T2处理)、6∶4 (T3处理)试验组,测定48 h的发酵参数。结果表明:① T1、T2和T3处理48 h产气量显著高于对照组。②与对照组相比,T2和T3处理发酵液pH值显著降低。③ T1和T2处理发酵液氨态氮(NH3-N)浓度显著高于对照组,T3处理NH3-N浓度有升高趋势(P=0.058)。④ T3处理总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)和微生物蛋白(MCP)显著高于对照组(C3处理),日粮精粗比与巨大芽孢杆菌对TVFA存在互作效应(P<0.05)。综上,在以豆粕和稻草为底物的发酵条件下,基础日粮中添加1×10^(10)cfu·g^(-1)巨大芽孢杆菌能提高底物的发酵程度,其中以底物精粗比6∶4的效果最为明显。The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Bacillus megacarum on ruminal fermentation with different concentrate to forage ratios by in vitro culture. Three Holstein dairy cows fitted with permanent rumen fistulas were used as rumen fluid donor animals. Soybean meal and rice straw were mixed at the ratios of 4∶6, 5∶5 and 6∶4 as control group(C1, C2, C3 treatment), and 0.1 g B.megaterium(1×10^(10)cfu·g^(-1)) was added to the experimental groups with 4∶6(T1 treatment), 5∶5(T2 treatment) and 6∶4(T3 treatment). The fermentation parameters for 48 h were determined. The results showed as follows:① the 48 h gas production of T1, T2 and T3 treatment was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).② Compared with the control group, pH value of fermentation broth of T2 and T3 was significantly decreased(P<0.05).③ The concentration of ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N) in fermentation broth of T1 and T2 treatments was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05), and the concentration of NH3-N in fermentation broth of T3 had an increasing trend(P=0.058).④ The total volatile fatty acids(TVFA) and microbial protein(MCP) of T3 were significantly higher than those of control group(C3 treatment)(P<0.05). In conclusion,under the fermentation conditions of soybean meal and straw as substrates in this study,the addition of 1×10^(10)cfu·g^(-1)B.megateriuminto the basal diet can improve the fermentation degree of substrates,and the effect of the substrate concentrate to forage ratio of 6∶4 is the most obvious.

关 键 词：奶牛 巨大芽孢杆菌 体外瘤胃发酵 精粗比 发酵参数 

分 类 号：S823.91[农业科学—畜牧学]