规则波作用下养殖网箱水动力特性分析  

Hydrodynamic characteristics of net cage under regular waves

作　　者：王银涛 王千 郭晓宇[1,2,3] WANG Yintao;WANG Qian;GUO Xiaoyu(School of Naval Architecture,Ocean&Civil Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Key Laboratory of Hydrodynamics(Ministry of Education),Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学船舶海洋与建筑工程学院,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学水动力学教育部重点实验室,上海200240 [3]中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所,上海200092

出　　处：《渔业现代化》2023年第2期40-49,共10页Fishery Modernization

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(12072193)。

摘　　要：大型深远海养殖网箱是一种新型的养殖装备,网箱在波浪场作用下的水动力特性是考量其安全性的重要因素。网箱系统结构复杂,其水动力问题采用完全理论解析或数值模拟研究存在困难。本研究通过1∶100的网箱模型,试验研究了网箱的水动力特性。分析了不同波浪参数和吃水对网箱水动力的影响;引入当量直径分析了无量纲力与KC数之间的变化关系;使用网衣孔隙率对有网衣网箱受力结果进行修正,得到了考虑网衣的网箱框架波浪力无量纲经验公式。同时以莫里森(Morison)方程为基础对网箱框架和网衣进行数值计算并与试验结果进行对比。研究表明,网衣对网箱波浪力的影响可以使用网衣孔隙率来模化;该计算方法可以有效地计算网衣和网箱框架的波浪力。Offshore aquaculture cage is a new type of aquaculture equipment,which may face severe sea conditions.The hydrodynamic characteristics of the aquaculture cage under the action of wave field is an important factor to consider ensuring the safety of staff and cage.The structure of the cage system is complex,each component interacts with each other,so it is difficult to study its hydrodynamic problems by complete theoretical analysis or numerical simulation.In this study,the hydrodynamic characteristics of a 1∶100 cage model is experimentally studied.The influence of different wave parameters and drafts on the hydrodynamic force of the cage is analyzed,Compared with the wave period,the magnitude of the wave force is more correlated with the wave height.But when the wave period is 1s(the wavelength is close to the size of the cage),the wave scattering effect is relatively obvious compared with other situations,so the force trend is different.The equivalent diameter is introduced to analyze the relationship between dimensionless force and KC number;The dimensionless empirical formula of wave force on the cage frame considering the fishnet is obtained by modifying the influence of fishnet by using the porosity of the fishnet.At the same time,based on Morison equation,the forces of cage frame and the fishnet under the waves are calculated and compared with the experimental results.The results show that the effect of fishnet on cage can be modeled by the porosity of the fishnet;The calculation method in this study can effectively calculate the wave forces on the fixed fishnet and cage frame.

关 键 词：深海养殖网箱 莫里森公式 当量直径 波浪力 

分 类 号：S967.3[农业科学—水产养殖] P752[农业科学—水产科学]