横向火源下纵向通风隧道火灾烟气蔓延特性的研究  

Study on smoke control of tunnel fires under atransverse fire source

作　　者：黄志 朱凯 王强[1] 杨亚鹏 HUANG Zhi;ZHU Kai;WANG Qiang;YANG Yapeng(College of Quality and Safety Engineering,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Center of Balance Architecture,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310007,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学质量与安全工程学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]浙江大学平衡建筑研究中心,浙江杭州310007

出　　处：《中国计量大学学报》2023年第1期126-133,162,共9页Journal of China University of Metrology

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划项目(No.2018C03029);宁波市交通运输科技计划项目(No.202113)。

摘　　要：目的:研究着火车辆停靠朝向对隧道火灾烟气蔓延的影响。方法:采用FDS数值模拟方法,分析在不同纵向风速和火源功率下,横向、纵向两种典型火源朝向的火灾烟气运动过程和临界风速变化规律。结果:针对火源功率为5 MW和30 MW的火灾,在不同纵向风速情况下,相比纵向火源,横向火源条件下烟气回流长度更短,火源功率越大,两种火源朝向下的回流长度差距越大。较纵向火源,横向火源临界风速同样更小,30 MW火源下临界风速减幅可达25%。结论:在相同火源功率及风速条件下,横向火源火灾下游烟气层热稳性能更差,烟气沉降更加明显,对火灾下游人员疏散和消防救援造成极大地危害。在横向火源下,应采用低风速来确保烟气层处于稳定状态。Aims:This paper aims to study the effect of fire vehicle stopping orientation on the smoke spread of tunnel fires.Methods:FDS numerical simulations and full-scale tests were used to analyze the fire smoke movement process and variation rules of critical velocity for two typical fire source orientations,transverse and longitudinal,at different longitudinal velocity and fire source powers.Results:For fires with powers of 5 MW and 30 MW,under different longitudinal velocity,the smoke back-layering length was shorter under transverse fire conditions compared with longitudinal fires;and the larger the fire power was,the larger the difference in back-layering length between the two fire orientations.The critical velocity of the transverse fire source was also smaller than that of the longitudinal fire source;and the reduction of the critical velocity could be up to 25%under a 30 MW fire source.Conclusions:Under the same fire power and velocity,the thermal stability of the smoke layer downstream of a transverse fire source is worse;and the smoke subsiding is more obvious,causing great harm to the evacuation of people and fire rescue downstream of the fire.Under the lateral fire source,low velocity should be used to ensure that the smoke layer is in a stable state.

关 键 词：隧道火灾 横向火源 烟气回流 临界风速 烟气层 

分 类 号：U458[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]