SbER10_X1调控饲用高粱光合作用和生物产量的功能特性分析  

Functional characterization of the role of SbER10_X1 in regulating photosynthesis and biomass of sorghum forage

作　　者：郑甲成[1] 余婕 李凡 黄小奕 李杰勤[1] 陈海州 王歆[1] 詹秋文[1] 徐兆师[2] ZHENG Jia-cheng;YU Jie;LI Fan;HUANG Xiao-yi;LI Jie-qin;CHEN Hai-zhou;WANG Xin;ZHAN Qiu-wen;XU Zhao-shi(Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang 233100,China;Institute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement,Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100081,China;Anhui Youxin Agricultural Science and Technology Co.LTD,Hefei 230000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院,安徽凤阳233100 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,国家农作物基因资源与基因改良重大科学工程,农业农村部麦类生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,北京100081 [3]安徽友鑫农业科技有限公司,安徽合肥230000

出　　处：《草业学报》2023年第4期91-100,共10页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：安徽科技学院校级研究生科研项目(YK202103);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202210879054);转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2016ZX08002-002)资助。

摘　　要：为了分析SbER10_X1调控高粱光合作用和生物产量的功能特性,本研究以高粱SbER10_X1基因过表达株系(SbERex)、目的基因沉默株系(SbERin)和野生型对照株系(WT)为材料,鉴定转基因株系的阳性和目的基因表达水平,挑选SbERex 5和SbERin 6株系,切片观察茎秆细胞大小,测定主茎秆内植物激素含量,分析光合作用相关参数,并连续两年调查生物量相关指标。结果表明:与WT株系相比,SbERex 5茎秆中赤霉素含量显著增加,脱落酸含量显著降低,导致过表达株系茎秆细胞显著增大,株高显著增加,而SbERin 6株系的赤霉素含量显著减少,脱落酸含量显著升高,但主茎秆细胞大小变化不显著。SbERex 5株系的光合速率和水分利用效率显著增加,引起SbERex 5的株高、分蘖数、叶面积、单株产量和单株生物量显著高于WT,而SbERin 6仅存在减小趋势。结果表明SbER10_X1可以影响植物激素合成,导致高粱细胞体积增大,光合能力增强,有效提升饲用高粱生物产量。The objective of this study was to functionally analyze SbER10_X1 in terms of its role in regulating the photosynthesis and biomass of sorghum.We generated SbERex lines overexpressing the sorghum SbER10_X1 gene and SbERin lines with the target gene silenced.From the transgenic lines,we selected SbERex 5 and SbERin 6 line for observations of stem cell size,determination of phytohormone contents in the main stems,analyses of photosynthesis-related parameters,and measurement of biomass-related traits in 2 consecutive years,and compared these attributes with those of the wild type(WT).Compared with the WT,SbERex 5 showed a higher gibberellin content in the stem and markedly decreased abscisic acid content,leading to a significant enlargement of stem cells and increased plant height.The SbERin 6 line showed a significantly reduced gibberellin content and increased abscisic acid content in the stem,but the stem cell size was unchanged.Compared with the WT,the SbERex 5 line showed significantly increased photosynthetic rate and water-use efficiency,which contributed to significant increases in plant height,number of tillers,leaf area,grain yield,and biomass per plant.All these characteristics showed slightly lower values in SbERin 6 than in WT.These results suggest that SbER10_X1 affects phytohormone synthesis,increases sorghum cell size,enhances photosynthetic capacity,and effectively improves the biomass production of forage sorghum.

关 键 词：高粱 SbER10_X1基因 光合作用 生物量 植物激素 

分 类 号：S544.9[农业科学—作物学]