2006-2020年西藏自治区卫生资源空间配置及公平性趋势研究  

Research on the fairness of health resource allocation in Tibet Autonomous Region from 2006 to 2020

作　　者：王子钒 罗仕伟[1] 罗勇军 WANG Zifan;LUO Shiwei;LUO Yongjun(College of Geography and Tourism,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China;Department of Military Medical Geography,Army Medical Service Training Base,Army Medical University,Chongqing 400038,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院,重庆401331 [2]陆军军医大学陆军卫勤训练基地军事医学地理学教研室,重庆400038

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2023年第4期61-65,共5页Soft Science of Health

基　　金：国家科技部第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究专题(2019QZKK0607);2021年度军队卫勤保障能力创新与生成专项计划(21QQ001)。

摘　　要：[目的]分析2006-2020年西藏自治区卫生资源发展总体情况和资源配置的公平性趋势,为进一步优化自治区卫生资源配置、缩小区间差距提供参考。[方法]以自治区及其下属的7个行政区作为研究对象,采用地理集中指数、不均衡指数、集中指数与集聚度对西藏自治区卫生资源空间配置状况和公平性进行评价。[结果]2006-2020年西藏自治区卫生资源总量逐年上升且增幅较大,地理集中指数大于0,不均衡指数大于0.2,全区卫生资源分布随时间推移呈空间集聚化趋势,区域间不均衡性有所降低但仍位于高位;集中指数普遍大于0.2,资源配置受地区经济发展水平影响明显。各地市2020年卫生机构、床位、执业医师、注册护士、卫生技术人员的集聚度范围分别为-2.69~0.63、-0.24~0.46、-1.09~4.93、-0.67~5.29、-0.49~2.45,资源配置公平性较“十一五”时期有所改善。[结论]西藏自治区近年来区域整体资源配置逐步向均衡性过渡,大部分地区卫生资源配置得到改善,但分配不均衡的现象仍然存在。人力资源总量不足,分布集中且区间流动性弱,集聚趋势受地区经济状况影响强烈,区内卫生事业发展依赖外部支持。自治区政府需进一步强化自身在卫生资源配置中的指导作用,积极引导优质卫生资源向落后地区倾斜,完善自身卫生人才培养工作,巩固卫生事业基础,进一步缩小区间差距,推动全区卫生资源配置不断优化。Objective This paper analyzes the overall development of health resources and the fairness of resource allocation in Tibet Autonomous Region from 2006 to 2020,and provides theoretical basis for further optimizing the allocation of health resources and narrowing the gap between districts in Tibet.Methods The autonomous region and its seven subordinate administrative districts were the research objects.The geographical concentration index,disequilibrium index,concentration index and agglomeration degree were used to evaluate the allocation and fairness of health resources in Tibet.Results From 2006 to 2020,the total amount of health resources in Tibet Autonomous Region increased sharply year by year.The geographic concentration index was greater than 0,and the disequilibrium index was greater than 0.2.The distribution of health resources in autonomous region showed spatial agglomeration over time,and regional inequality has decreased but still remained at a high level.The concentration index was generally greater than 0.2,and resource allocation was significantly affected by the level of regional economic development.The agglomeration ranges of medical institutions,beds,licensed physicians,registered nurses,and health technicians in various cities in 2020 were-2.69~0.63,-0.24~0.46,-1.09~4.93,-0.67~5.29,-0.49~2.45 respectively.The fairness of allocation has improved over the 11th Five-Year Plan period.Conclusions In recent years,the overall allocation of regional resources has gradually balanced,and the allocation of health resources in most districts has been improved,but the phenomenon of unfair distribution still exists.The total amount of human resources is insufficient.The distribution is concentrated and the mobility is weak.The agglomeration is strongly affected by regional economy,and the development of health services in the region depends on external support.The government of the autonomous region should further guide the allocation of health resources,actively give priority to high-quality health resource

关 键 词：公平性 西藏 卫生资源配置 区域 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]