修河中上游流域土地利用变化对径流的影响  

Impact of Land Use Change on Runoff in the Middle and Upper Reaches of Xiuhe River Basin

作　　者：刘卫林[1] 李香 吴滨 曹辛格 黄一鹏 刘丽娜[1] LIU Weilin;LI Xiang;WU Bin;CAO Xinge;HUANG Yipeng;LIU Lina(Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Water Environment,Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang 330099,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌工程学院、江西省水文水资源与水环境重点实验室,南昌330099

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2023年第3期111-120,共10页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金(20192BAB206047);国家自然科学基金(52069015);江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ170980)。

摘　　要：[目的]土地利用的变化对流域水文过程产生了重要的影响,研究土地利用变化下的水文响应已成为水文学科研究的一个热点。[方法]以修河中上游流域作为主要研究区域,分析了35年来修河中上游流域各种土地利用类型的变化特征,并利用1987-2000年水文气象数据资料,构建了SWAT模型,通过设置1980年、1990年、2005年和2015年4种土地利用情景,定量分析了修河中上游流域土地利用变化对径流的影响。[结果]SWAT模型在研究区具有较好的适用性。1980-2015年,修河中上游流域主要用地类型为林地、耕地和草地,三者面积之和占流域的98%。其中高利用城市用地和耕地对径流的影响系数是正值,说明高利用城市用地和耕地对径流起促进作用;林地、草地对径流的影响系数均表现为负值,说明林地和草地对径流有抑制作用,且草地的抑制作用更加显著。此外,林地和草地在丰水季会减少径流,在枯水季却会增加径流,有类似海绵的作用。[结论]模拟研究土地利用变化对修河中上游流域径流的影响在合理规划水土资源、改善生态环境方面具有十分重要的现实意义。[Objective]The change of land use will have an important impact on the hydrological process of the basin.The study of hydrological response under land use change has gradually become a hot topic in the discipline of hydrology.[Methods]The middle and upper reaches of Xiuhe river basin was taken as research area.The variation characteristics of land use types in the middle and upper reaches of Xiuhe River in the past 35 years were analyzed.Then,based on the data of hydrometeorology from 1987 to 2000,SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)model was established to simulate runoff variation.Moreover,four scenarios of land uses were set in combination of SWAT model to quantitatively analyze the impact of land use change on runoff.[Results]SWAT model had a good simulation effect in the study area.From 1980 to 2015,woodland,cultivated land and grassland were mainly the land use types in the middle and upper reaches of Xiuhe River basin.In the meantime,the sum of the three types of land use areas accounted for more than 98%of the total basin area.The influence coefficients of high utilization of urban land and cultivated land on runoff were positive,indicating that high utilization of urban land and cultivated land played an important role in increasing runoff.The influence coefficients of woodland and grassland on runoff were negative,which showed that woodland and grassland had the function of intercepting runoff,and the role of grassland was more significant.Besides,results of SWAT model showed that woodland and grassland could reduce runoff in the wet season,but could increase the runoff in the dry season,which was similar to sponge.[Conclusion]It is of great practical significance in rational planning of water and soil resources and improving ecological environment that simulates the impact of land use change on runoff in the middle and upper reaches of Xiuhe river basin.

关 键 词：土地利用变化 SWAT模型 径流模拟 修河流域 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]