淮河中上游植被变化及其对气象因素的多时空尺度响应  

Multi Temporal and Spatial Scale Responses of Vegetation Dynamics to Climate Factors

作　　者：黄对[1] 彭安帮[1] 刘九夫[1,2] 张建云 王文种[2] 王文 HUANG Dui;PENG Anbang;LIU Jiufu;ZHANG Jianyun;WANG Wenzhong;WANG Wen(State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China;Nanjing Automation Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydrology,Nanjing 210012,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院、水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,南京210029 [2]水利部、南京水利水文自动化研究所,南京210012 [3]河海大学、水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,南京210098

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2023年第3期268-278,共11页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52109026,91647203);水利部公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目(Ss520026JG)。

摘　　要：[目的]植被与气象因子关系的多时空特征有助于深入理解流域生态系统,对生态环境保护具有重要意义。[方法]基于MODIS EVI数据与气象观测资料,结合趋势分析、Mann-Kendall检验和Pearson相关性分析方法,分析淮河中上游2001-2015年植被动态并探讨流域至局地尺度的植被与降水、气温的相关关系。[结果](1)流域植被整体呈明显增长趋势(p<0.05),EVI指数增长速率为0.055/10 a,冬季增速最大(0.075/10 a)、夏季最小(0.047/10 a),不同地类增速差异显著。(2)年均EVI呈增加的区域占流域总面积的93%,其中呈显著(p<0.05)及极显著(p<0.01)上升趋势约占82%,华北平原(主要为耕地)增速最大,山区、山丘区增速次之,郑州市辖区等呈显著下降(p<0.05);EVI变化的时空分布差异明显。(3)流域尺度春季EVI与同期(3-5月)和2-5月降水呈显著正相关(p<0.05),冬季EVI与同期降水呈极显著负相关(p<0.01),月EVI在3月、11月与最低气温呈显著正相关(p<0.05),在12月分别与最高气温、降水呈显著正相关(p<0.05)和极显著负相关(p<0.01)。(4)局地尺度季、月EVI与气象因子的相关性有明显地区差异,淮南的固始冬季植被与降水呈正相关,淮北区域则与降水呈负相关;从月来看,驻马店在2月、11月、12月植被受各类气温的积极影响(p<0.05),许昌植被对4月、7月降水响应积极并有一个月的滞后响应(p<0.05),固始植被在7-8月与降水、气温呈显著正、负相关(p<0.05),9月与最高、平均气温极显著负相关(p<0.01),10月植被对最高、最低气温存在一个月的滞后响应。[结论]流域尺度EVI、局地尺度EVI与气象因素的相关关系分别反映流域主要植被生长特点和植被变化驱动因素的地区差异,研究结果可为流域生态建设、农业可持续发展提供理论支撑。[Objective]To profoundly understand the difference in vegetation response to climate at different spatiotemporal scales plays an important guiding role in ecological construction and sustainable agricultural development.[Methods]Firstly,the pattern and the dynamics change of EVI(enhanced vegetation index)and key driving climate factors precipitation and the average,minimum and maximum air temperature were investigated using the GRC method and the Mann-Kendall trend test,and then vegetation activity responses to climate change at multiple spatial(from pixel scale to basin scale)and temporal scales(yearly,seasonal and monthly)were examined based Pearson correlation coefficient and t-test method.[Results]The average EVI of the middle and upper reaches of the Huaihe River basin showed a significant growth trend with a growth rate of 0.055/decade.EVI increased over 93%of the study area from 2001 to 2015,with a significant and extremely significant upward trend observed in 82% of the basin.The EVI in spring was significant positively affected by precipitation of the same period and the previous period(p<0.05),and EVI in winter was significantly negatively affected by precipitation(p<0.01).Monthly EVI showed a significant positive response to T min in March and November and a negative response to T_(max) in September(p<0.05),and in December positive and significant negative responses to T_(max) and precipitation,respectively(p<0.05).The correlation between seasonal and monthly EVI and meteorological factors on a local scale was different in different regions.EVI of Gushi located in south of the Huaihe River was positively affected by precipitation in winter,while other regions in the north of Huai River have no such correlation.In February,November and December,vegetation of Zhumadian was mainly positively affected by the temperature(p<0.05).The precipitation in April and July had a positive effect on the vegetation in Xuchang(p<0.05),and the vegetation had a one-month lag response to the precipitation in May and August

关 键 词：EVI 降水 气温 多时空尺度 响应特征 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]