云南省不同环境类型新发钉螺孳生地的时空分布规律  

Spatio-temporal distribution of emerging snail-infested sites in different environmental types in Yunnan Province

作　　者：黄君慧 张云[2] 杜春红[2] 宋静[2] 徐宁 蒋鸿琳 王正中 熊赢 童懿欣 尹江帆 江峰 姜庆五 董毅[2] 周艺彪 Huang Junhui;Zhang Yun;Du Chunhong;Song Jing;Xu Ning;Jiang Honglin;Wang Zhengzhong;Xiong Ying;Tong Yixin;Yin Jiangfan;Jiang Feng;Jiang Qingwu;Dong Yi;Zhou Yibiao(Department of Epidemiology,School of Public Health,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety,Ministry of Education,Tropical Diseases Research Center,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Focal Disease Prevention and Control Technology,Yunnan Institute for Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention,Dali 671000,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室、公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室、热带病学研究中心,上海200032 [2]云南省地方病防治所、云南省自然疫源性疾病防控技术重点实验室,大理671000

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2023年第3期178-184,共7页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的:探索云南省不同环境类型新发钉螺孳生地的时空分布规律。方法:收集整理1950-2014年云南省螺情数据(来自云南省地方病防治所),建立新发钉螺孳生地分布的时空数据库,采用空间自相关分析和扫描统计量分析方法探索不同环境类型(沟渠、塘堰、水田、旱地、滩地、其他环境)新发钉螺孳生地的时空分布规律。结果:1950-2014年,云南省年新发钉螺孳生地数量在1955年达到峰值(1 730个),其后呈现波动下降趋势。1993-2014年新发钉螺孳生地数量主要维持在100个以下,仅2004、2013年分别上升至160、131个。滩地环境新发钉螺孳生地的平均持续存在时间最长,为43.85年;其次是水田环境,为37.01年;塘堰环境的平均持续存在时间最短,为20.44年。空间自相关分析显示,不同环境类型新发钉螺孳生地的持续存在时间均具有空间正相关性(全局莫兰指数为0.43~0.64,均 P < 0.05);扫描统计量分析显示,不同环境类型新发钉螺孳生地均具有时空聚集性(均 P < 0.001),分别探测出3~6个聚集簇。 结论:云南省不同环境类型新发钉螺孳生地均具有时空聚集性,对不同环境类型聚集区域需加强监测与防控,防止螺情进一步扩散。Objective To explore the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of emerging snail-infested sites in different environmental types in Yunnan Province.Methods The data of snail-infested sites in Yunnan Province from 1950 to 2014(from Yunnan Institute for Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention),were collected and sorted out,a spatial and temporal database on the distribution of emerging snail-infested sites were established,and the changes in the spatial and temporal distribution of emerging snail-infested sites in different environments types(ditches,tangerines,paddy fields,dry land,beaches and other environments)were studied by using spatial autocorrelation analysis and scanning statistics analysis.Results From 1950 to 2014,the annual number of emerging snail-infested sites in Yunnan Province reached a peak(1730)in 1955 and then showed a fluctuating downward trend.From 1993 to 2014,the number of emerging snail-infested sites remained below 100,and increased to 160 and 131,respectively,in 2004 and 2013.The longest mean duration of 43.85 years was recorded for the beaches environment for emerging snail-infested sites,followed by the paddy fields environment with a mean duration of 37.01 years,and the shortest mean duration of 20.44 years for the tangerines environment.Spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that there was a positive spatial corelation between the duration of emerging snail-infested sites of different environmental types(global Moran's I ranged from 0.43 to 0.64,P<0.05).Scanning statistics analysis showed that emerging snail-infested sites of different environmental types had spatial and temporal aggregation(P<0.001),with 3-6 clusters of statistically significant aggregation detected respectively.Conclusion The emerging snail-infested sites in different environments types in Yunnan Province have spatial and temporal aggregation,and it is necessary to strengthen monitoring and prevention and control of the aggregation areas of different environment types to prevent further spread of the snail.

关 键 词：血吸虫病 钉螺 聚集性 持续存在时间 

分 类 号：R184.38[医药卫生—流行病学]