2018—2019年安徽省蔬菜种植人员钩虫感染及危险因素分析  

Prevalence and risk factors of hookworm infections among vegetable growers in Anhui Province from 2018 to 2019

作　　者：汪敏 马晓荷 张世清[1] 郭见多[1] 金伟[1] 汪天平[1] WANG Min;MA Xiaohe;ZHANG Shiqing;GUO Jianduo;JIN Wei;WANG Tianping(Anhui Provincial Institute of Schistosomiasis Control,Hefei,Anhui 230000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所,安徽合肥230000

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2023年第1期68-72,共5页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

基　　金：安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所青年基金(XF2018009)。

摘　　要：目的了解安徽省蔬菜种植人员钩虫感染状况及危险因素,为制定人体钩虫感染防治策略提供参考依据。方法按照自然生态功能区划分,2018—2019年随机选择安徽省7个县(市)共计1179例蔬菜种植人员进行调查。采用自制问卷收集调查对象社会人口学特征、蔬菜种植方式及施肥情况、家庭种植农作物类型、动物饲养、卫生及劳动习惯等信息;同时采集调查对象粪便标本,采用改良加藤厚涂片法(1粪2检)检查钩虫感染。采用Bayesian log-binomial回归模型分析蔬菜种植人员钩虫感染的危险因素。结果1179例研究对象中,共检出钩虫感染者46例,钩虫总体感染率为3.90%。无业/待业者、务农者、专职菜农和其他职业者钩虫感染率分别为10.07%(15/149)、5.32%(31/583)、0(0/377)和0(0/70),不同职业研究对象钩虫感染率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=36.37,P<0.01)。Bayesian log-binomial回归分析结果显示,采用人粪施肥[相对危险度(RR)=18.25,95%可信区间(CI):(4.31,77.17)]、赤脚下地劳动[RR=2.86,95%CI:(1.43,5.70)]、居住在长江中下游平原生态区[RR=4.19,95%CI:(1.19,14.81)]是蔬菜种植人员钩虫感染的独立危险因素。在务农者中,采用人粪施肥、赤脚下地劳动、饮用井水/山泉水、居住在长江中下游平原生态区是钩虫感染的独立危险因素;在无业/待业者中,居住在长江中下游平原生态区、种植水稻是钩虫感染的独立危险因素。结论安徽省蔬菜种植人员钩虫感染率较高,采用人粪施肥、赤脚下地劳动、居住在长江中下游平原生态区是蔬菜种植人员钩虫感染的独立危险因素。Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hookworm infections among vegetable growers in Anhui Province,so as to provide the evidence for formulating the control strategy and interventions for hookworm human infections.Methods A total of 1179 vegetable growers were randomly sampled from 7 counties in Anhui province according to the natural ecological function areas in 2018 and 2019,and the basic features and risk factors of hookworm infections were collected from all subjects using a self-designed questionnaire,including living environment,vegetable planting and fertilization,type of household crops,animal feeding,hygiene and labor habits.In addition,stool samples were collected from all participants,and each stool sample was subjected to twice tests with the Kato-Katz technique.The risk factors of hookworm infections were identified among vegetable growers with the Bayesian log-binomial regression model.Results The prevalence of hookworm infection was 3.90%among the 1179 vegetable growers.The prevalence of hookworm infection was 10.07%(15/149)among unemployed subjects,5.32%(31/583)among farmers,and 0 among full-time vegetable growers(0/377)and subjects with other occupations(0/70),and there was a significant difference among subjects in terms of occupation(χ^(2)=36.37,P<0.01).Bayesian log-binomial regression analysis showed that fertilization with human feces[relative risk(RR)=18.25,95%confidence interval(CI):(4.31,77.17)],barefoot labor in vegetable fields[RR=2.86,95%CI:(1.43,5.70)],and living in plain ecological areas along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River[RR=4.19,95%CI:(1.19,14.81)]were independent risk factors of hookworm infections among vegetable growers.Stratified analysis showed that fertilization with human feces,barefoot labor in vegetable fields,drinking well water or mountain spring,and living in plain ecological areas along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River were independent risk factors of hookworm infection among farmers,and living in plain ecolog

关 键 词：钩虫 蔬菜种植人员 危险因素 安徽省 

分 类 号：R532.12[医药卫生—内科学]