饲料中添加单原子添加剂对三黄鸡生长性能和免疫机能的影响  

Effects of Adding Single-atom Additives to Feed on Growth Performance and Immune Function of Sanhuang Chickens

作　　者：彭红艳 彭昊[2] 张天豪 廖玉英 李军[2] 李常挺 钟舒红[2] 韦英益[1,3,4] PENG Hongyan;PENG Hao;ZHANG Tianhao;LIAO Yuying;LI Jun;LI Changting;ZHONG Shuhong;WEI Yingyi(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Guangxi Nanning 530004,China;Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology,Guangxi Nanning 530001,China;Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics,Guangxi Nanning 530003,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction,Breeding and Disease Control,Guangxi Nanning 530003,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科学技术学院,广西南宁530004 [2]广西兽医研究所,广西兽医生物技术重点实验室,广西南宁530001 [3]广西壮族自治区兽用生物制品工程研究中心,广西南宁530003 [4]广西畜禽繁育与疾病防控重点实验室,广西南宁530003

出　　处：《饲料工业》2023年第7期46-53,共8页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家水禽产业技术体系建设专项[CARS-42];2022年国家级大学生创新创业训练项目[202210593024];广西重点研发计划[AB21238003、AB21220005-4];广西肉鸡产业创新团队建设专项[nycytxgxcxtd];南宁市重点研发计划[20212023];桂科专项[21-6、22-5、22-6];良庆区重点研发计划[202109];良庆区重大科技专项[202118];防城港市重点研发计划[AB21014016];武鸣区重点研发[20210102];江南重点研发[20220620-2]。

摘　　要：为研究饲料中添加不同剂量单原子添加剂对三黄鸡的生长性能和免疫功能的影响,选用150只1日龄的健康三黄鸡,随机分成5组,每组30只。试验分为空白组、对照组、低剂量组(0.5 g/kg单原子添加剂)、中剂量组(1.5 g/kg单原子添加剂)和高剂量组(3.0 g/kg单原子添加剂)。试验期42 d,分为试验前期(1~21日龄)和试验后期(22~42日龄)两个阶段。结果表明:试验全程,高剂量组和中剂量组平均日增重(ADG)均显著高于对照组和空白组(P<0.05);在试验前期,中剂量组脾脏指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05);高剂量组的血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)和免疫球蛋白G(IgG)的含量均显著高于空白组(P<0.05);低剂量组血清禽流感(AI)抗体效价显著高于空白组(P<0.05),对照组血清新城疫(ND)抗体效价显著高于空白组(P<0.05);中剂量组空肠和十二指肠绒毛高度(VH)显著高于空白组(P<0.05),高剂量和低剂量组空肠和十二指肠隐窝深度(CD)显著低于空白组(P<0.05)。在试验后期,高剂量组的血清IgM含量显著高于其他试验组(P<0.05),高剂量组的空肠和十二指肠VH显著高于空白组(P<0.05),高剂量和中剂量组空肠CD显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。结果表明,日粮中添加单原子添加剂可通过完善肠道结构、调节免疫相关因子和特异性抗体的分泌水平,提高三黄鸡的生长性能和免疫功能,且日粮中最佳的添加剂量为3 g/kg。In order to study the effects of different doses of single-atom additives in feed on the growth performance and immune function of Sanhuang chickens,a total of 1501-day-old healthy San⁃huang chickens with similar body weights were ran⁃domly divided into five groups with 30 chicks.The blank group,the control group,the low dose group(0.5 g/kg),the medium dose group(1.5 g/kg)and the high dose group(3.0 g/kg).The 42-day experiment was split into two stages:the early stage(1 to 21 days of age)and the late stage(22 to 42 days of age).The results showed that the average daily weight gain(ADG)of the high-dose and medium-dose groups were significantly higher than that of the control and blank groups in the whole course of the experiment(P<0.05);In the early stage of the test,while the spleen index of the medium-dose group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);The serum IgA,IgM and IgG in the high-dose group were significantly higher than those in the blank group(P<0.05);The serum avian influenza(AI)antibody titers in the low-dose group were significantly higher than those in the blank group(P<0.05),and the Newcastle disease(ND)antibody titers in the se⁃rum of the control group were significantly higher than those in the blank group(P<0.05).The jejunal and duodenal villus height(VH)in the medium-dose group were significantly higher than that in the blank group(P<0.05),the jejunal and duodenal crypt depth(CD)in the high-dose and low-dose groups was significantly lower than that in the blank groups(P<0.05).At the later stage of the test,the serum IgM levels were significantly higher in the high-dose group than in the other test groups(P<0.05),VH in the jejunum and duodenum of the control and high-dose groups was significantly higher than that of the blank group(P<0.05),CD in the jejunum of the high-dose and medium-dose groups were significantly lower than that in other groups(P<0.05).The results showed that the addition of single-atom additives to the diet could improve the growth performance

关 键 词：单原子添加剂 三黄鸡 生长性能 免疫器官指数 免疫球蛋白 抗体水平 肠道形态结构 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]